Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36420815›Full record

ArticleTherapeutic advances in cardiovascular disease

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular heart disease medication use: time-series analysis of England's prescription data during the COVID-19 pandemic (January 2019 to October 2020).

Ravina Barrett, James Hodgkinson

Open access · goldAbstract readVideo-Audio Media
In one paragraph

Article in Therapeutic advances in cardiovascular disease. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ravina BarrettSchool of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Cockcroft Building, Lewes Road, Moulsecoomb, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0004-2131
James HodgkinsonMurray Learning Centre, Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
University of Birmingham · GBUniversity of Brighton · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundManagement of high blood pressure (BP) typically requires adherence to medication regimes. However, it is known that the COVID-19 pandemic both interrupted access to some routine prescriptions and changed some patient health behaviours.

aimThis study, therefore, retrospectively investigated prescription reimbursement of cardiovascular (CVD) medicines as a proxy measure for patient adherence and access to medicines during the pandemic.

methodsA cohort study of all primary care patients in England prescribed CVD medicines. The exposure was to the global pandemic. Prescriptions were compared before and after the pandemic's onset. Statistical variation was the outcome of interest.

resultsDescriptive statistics show changes to monthly prescriptions, with wide confidence intervals indicating varying underlying practice. Analysis of variance reveals statistically significant differences for bendroflumethiazide, potassium-sparing diuretics, nicorandil, ezetimibe, ivabradine, ranolazine, colesevelam and midodrine. After the pandemic began (March-October 2020), negative parameters are observed for ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, statins, antiplatelet, antithrombotics, ARBs, loop diuretics, doxazosin, bendroflumethiazide, nitrates and indapamide, indicating decelerating monthly prescription items (statistically significant declines of calcium channel blockers, antithrombotic, adrenoreceptor blockers and diuretics) of CVD medicines within the general population. Many data points are not statistically significant, but fluctuations remain clinically important for the large population of patients taking these medications.

conclusionA concerning decline in uptake of CVD therapies for chronic heart disease was observed. Accessible screening and treatment alongside financial relief on prescription levies are needed. A video abstract is (4 min 51 s) available: https://bit.ly/39gvEHi.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular AgentsCardiovascular DiseasesCOVID-19Heart DiseasesAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsBendroflumethiazideCohort StudiesDiureticsDrug PrescriptionsHumansPandemicsRetrospective StudiesAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsBendroflumethiazideCardiovascular AgentsDiureticsanalysis of varianceangiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorsangiotensin IIbendroflumethiazidecalcium channel blockerscardiovascular diseasescolesevelam hydrochloridecommunicable disease controlconfidence intervalsCOVID-19delivery of health carediureticsdoxazosinezetimibefibrinolytic agentshealth services accessibilityhealth status disparitiesheart diseaseshydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitorsindapamideinterrupted time-series analysisivabradinelife expectancymedication adherencemedicinemidodrinenicorandilnitratespandemicspharmaciespotassium sparingprescriptionsprimary health careranolazineretrospective studiesSARS-CoV-2sodium potassium chloride symporter inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID36420815
PMCPMC9702971
OpenAlexW4310465634

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.