ArticleBiochemistry and biophysics reports2022
Comparison of monocytic cell lines U937 and THP-1 as macrophage models for in vitro studies.
Article in Biochemistry and biophysics reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Macrophage Differentiation Selectively Downregulates RPS15A While Preserving RPL13A and RPL17 Expression in THP-1-Derived Macrophages.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Article
- Next-generation macrophage engineering in cancer therapy: From TAM reprogramming to CAR-macrophages.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Topographical design principles for osteochondral tissue engineering.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- The M1/M2 Test System for Determining Macrophage Phenotypes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Macrophage-Based Transcriptional Assays for the Comparative Assessment of the Anti-Inflammatory Paracrine Activity of Canine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Nanoplastics Impair Neuroimmune Integrity Via Cellular Retention and Multiple Organelle Stress.Journal of hazardous materials advances · 2026Article
- A New Function of the S100-A4 Protein (Mts1): Mts1 Stimulates the Activation of Cytotoxic Lymphocytes via the TREM-1 Receptor.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Candida albicans hyphae modulate Staphylococcus aureus cell-free supernatant during dual biofilm growth to drive molecular signatures of oral dysplasia.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2026Article
- A Four-Channel Microfluidic Vascular-Wall Chip for Modeling Early Atherosclerosis-Related Endothelial Dysfunction and Evaluating Combined Anti-Inflammatory Treatment.Micromachines · 2026Article
- Culture Dimensionality Regulates Protein Expression and Bioactivity in THP-1-Derived Macrophages.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Dissection of innate-immune-ligand- and interferon-protein-mediated transcriptional responses in human THP1 cell states.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Insights into the host response to 'dormant' Mycobacterium tuberculosis utilizing 'Vitamin C-induced dormant Mtb' THP-1 cell infection model.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Interruption of cross-communication pathways alters the immune cell signature of pancreatic cancer and decreases tumor growth.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Quantitative and Comparative Assessment of Recombinant Human β-Glucocerebrosidase Uptake Bioactivity Using a Stable hMMR-Expressing CHO Cell Model.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A human pathophysiological 3D-bone marrow model reveals immune and stromal cell heterogeneity.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Foslip-Mediated Photodynamic Treatment Reprograms Macrophages Phenotype in Tri-Culture Head and Neck Cancer Spheroids.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Highly Efficient Derivation of Functional Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Macrophages under Serum-Free Conditions to Study Innate Immune Responses.Journal of innate immunity · 2026Article
- Macrophage-Based Nanoplatforms for Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery and Cancer Immunomodulation: Extracellular Vesicles, Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles, and Live Cells.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- High-Throughput Heterospheroid-Based Screening Identifies Drugs That Reprogram Tumor-Associated Macrophages.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Understanding macrophage biology can improve comprehension of diverse biological processes and provide insights into novel therapeutic immunomodulatory strategies. Due to limited yield and technical difficulty in isolating primary macrophages, in vitro studies commonly use monocytes as precursor cells. Monocytic cell lines are a virtually unlimited source of macrophage precursors and two of the most frequently used cell lines are THP-1 and U937. Besides a great variability in macrophage differentiation protocols there is scarce information on possible differences in the biological responses of these cell lines. In this study, we used a standardized differentiation protocol using PMA and compared the response of macrophages derived from THP-1 and U937 cells to M1-and M2-polarizing conditions. THP-1-derived macrophages are more responsive to M1 stimuli and skewed towards M1 phenotype, whereas U937-derived macrophages were more responsive to M2 stimuli and skewed towards M2 phenotype. THP-1-derived macrophages also had greater production of ROS and phagocytic activity. Under M1-polarizing conditions, macrophages derived from both THP-1 and U937 reduced phagocytosis activity and the increased production of ROS. This information should be considered to make an informed choice on the cell line used as in vitro macrophage model, according to the experimental goals and biological context.
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