Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36419999›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2022

The effectiveness of artificial intelligence-based automated grading and training system in education of manual detection of diabetic retinopathy.

Xu Qian, Han Jingying, Song Xian, Zhao Yuqing, Wu Lili, Chu Baorui, Guo Wei, Zheng Yefeng, Zhang Qiang, Chu Chunyan and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Artificial intelligence in diabetic retinopathy: from automated screening to risk-stratified care.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Xu QianDepartment of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Han JingyingSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Song XianDepartment of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Zhao YuqingDepartment of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Wu LiliDepartment of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Chu BaoruiDepartment of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Guo WeiLunan Eye Hospital, Linyi, China.
Zheng YefengTencent Healthcare, Shenzhen, China.
Zhang QiangTencent Healthcare, Shenzhen, China.
Chu ChunyanTencent Healthcare, Shenzhen, China.
Bian ChengTencent Healthcare, Shenzhen, China.
Ma KaiTencent Healthcare, Shenzhen, China.
Qu YiDepartment of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study is to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based automated diabetic retinopathy (DR) grading and training system from a real-world diabetic dataset of China, and in particular, to investigate its effectiveness as a learning tool of DR manual grading for medical students. Methods: We developed an automated DR grading and training system equipped with an AI-driven diagnosis algorithm to highlight highly prognostic related regions in the input image. Less experienced prospective physicians received pre- and post-training tests by the AI diagnosis platform. Then, changes in the diagnostic accuracy of the participants were evaluated. Results: We randomly selected 8,063 cases diagnosed with DR and 7,925 with non-DR fundus images from type 2 diabetes patients. The automated DR grading system we developed achieved accuracy, sensitivity/specificity, and AUC values of 0.965, 0.965/0.966, and 0.980 for moderate or worse DR (95 percent CI: 0.976-0.984). When the graders received assistance from the output of the AI system, the metrics were enhanced in varying degrees. The automated DR grading system helped to improve the accuracy of human graders, i.e., junior residents and medical students, from 0.947 and 0.915 to 0.978 and 0.954, respectively. Conclusion: The AI-based systemdemonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for the detection of DR on fundus images from real-world diabetics, and could be utilized as a training aid system for trainees lacking formal instruction on DR management.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic RetinopathyArtificial IntelligenceHumansProspective StudiesSensitivity and Specificityartificial intelligencediabetic retinopathydiagnosismedical image educationmedical students

Identifiers

PMID36419999
PMCPMC9678340

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.