ArticleMicrobiome2022
Lactobacillus reuteri tryptophan metabolism promotes host susceptibility to CNS autoimmunity.
Article in Microbiome, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 175 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Indoxyl Sulfate and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- A young child formula with Limosilactobacillus reuteri and GOS modulates gut microbiome and enhances bone and muscle development: a randomized trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Novel Metabolites Associated With Blood Pressure After Dietary Interventions.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2024Trial
- Review
- Integrated multi-omics analysis identifies microbial and metabolic signatures and drivers of CNS autoimmunity.mSystems · 2026Article
- A new paradigm of bidirectional regulation of the gut-spinal cord axis.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Tryptophan Metabolism in Digestive and Extra-Digestive Diseases: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Therapeutic Perspectives.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Tobacco smoking disrupts bile acid and tryptophan metabolism in multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2026Article
- Nutrient control enables metabolic reconstruction ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Improvement of Insulin Resistance byMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals a gut microbiota-tryptophan metabolism axis contributes to sex differences in a β-aminopropionitrile-induced aortic dissection mouse model.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Research Progress on the Role ofBiology · 2026Review
- The Tryptophan Paradox: From Microbiome-Mediated Homeostasis to Tumor-Driven Immune Escape.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Glucuronolactone Promotes Mucin Sulfation to Alleviate Deoxynivalenol-Induced Intestinal Injury via Microbiota-Dependent and -Independent AHR Activation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Dietary Oxysterols Reprogram Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Reshape the Gut Metabolome-Microbiome Interface.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Tryptophan metabolism mediated by the gut microbiota inhibits pyroptosis via the AhR signaling pathway to maintain intestinal epithelial homeostasis.Microbiome · 2026Article
- Behavioral, antioxidant, and kynurenine pathway modulation of a specific strain of Ligilactobacillus salivarius in a preclinical model of depression.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- The Role of the Vaginal Microbiome in Gynecological Diseases: Mechanistic Insights and Emerging Interventions.Biology · 2026Review
- Variation in microbiome and metabolites is associated with advantageous effects of cholestyramine on primary biliary cholangitis with pruritus.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDysregulation of gut microbiota-associated tryptophan metabolism has been observed in patients with multiple sclerosis. However, defining direct mechanistic links between this apparent metabolic rewiring and individual constituents of the gut microbiota remains challenging. We and others have previously shown that colonization with the gut commensal and putative probiotic species, Lactobacillus reuteri, unexpectedly enhances host susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a murine model of multiple sclerosis. To identify underlying mechanisms, we characterized the genome of commensal L. reuteri isolates, coupled with in vitro and in vivo metabolomic profiling, modulation of dietary substrates, and gut microbiota manipulation.
resultsThe enzymes necessary to metabolize dietary tryptophan into immunomodulatory indole derivatives were enriched in the L. reuteri genomes, including araT, fldH, and amiE. Moreover, metabolite profiling of L. reuteri monocultures and serum of L. reuteri-colonized mice revealed a depletion of kynurenines and production of a wide array of known and novel tryptophan-derived aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists and antagonists, including indole acetate, indole-3-glyoxylic acid, tryptamine, p-cresol, and diverse imidazole derivatives. Functionally, dietary tryptophan was required for L. reuteri-dependent EAE exacerbation, while depletion of dietary tryptophan suppressed disease activity and inflammatory T cell responses in the CNS. Mechanistically, L. reuteri tryptophan-derived metabolites activated the AhR and enhanced T cell production of IL-17.
conclusionsOur data suggests that tryptophan metabolism by gut commensals, such as the putative probiotic species L. reuteri, can unexpectedly enhance autoimmunity, inducing broad shifts in the metabolome and immunological repertoire. Video Abstract.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.