Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36418338›Full record

SynthesisNature communications2022

GhostKnockoff inference empowers identification of putative causal variants in genome-wide association studies.

Zihuai He, Linxi Liu, Michael E Belloy, Yann Le Guen, Aaron Sossin, Xiaoxia Liu, Xinran Qi, Shiyang Ma, Prashnna K Gyawali, Tony Wyss-Coray and 5 more

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nature communications, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed.

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  11. A statistical view of column subset selection.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B, Statistical methodology · 2025
    Article
  12. Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project release 4 whole genome sequencing dataset.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  13. Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project Release 4 Whole Genome Sequencing Dataset.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024
    Article
  14. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Zihuai HeDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. zihuai@stanford.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-8220-4183
Linxi LiuDepartment of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
Michael E BelloyDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Yann Le GuenDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6649-8364
Aaron SossinDepartment of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Xiaoxia LiuDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Xinran QiDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Shiyang MaDepartment of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4423-5798
Prashnna K GyawaliDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Tony Wyss-CorayDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5893-0831
Hua TangDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0177-8864
Chiara SabattiDepartment of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Emmanuel CandèsDepartment of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Michael D GreiciusDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Iuliana Ionita-LazaDepartment of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.

Funding

Stanford Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterAdmin Supp: Developing iPSC models for AD and PDP30AG066515 · NIA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Lisa Goldman Rosas · 2020 to 2026
$29.0M
Statistical and computational methods for integrative analysis of Alzheimer's Disease geneticsR01AG066206 · NIA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HE, ZIHUAI · 2019 to 2023
$3.5M
The Stanford Extreme Phenotypes in Alzheimer's Disease (StEP AD) CohortR01AG060747 · NIA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GREICIUS, MICHAEL D · 2018 to 2022
$3.4M
Medical Research Council MC_PC_17228Medical Research Council MC_QA137853NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066515NIA NIH HHS R01 AG060747NIA NIH HHS R01 AG066206
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent advances in genome sequencing and imputation technologies provide an exciting opportunity to comprehensively study the contribution of genetic variants to complex phenotypes. However, our ability to translate genetic discoveries into mechanistic insights remains limited at this point. In this paper, we propose an efficient knockoff-based method, GhostKnockoff, for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that leads to improved power and ability to prioritize putative causal variants relative to conventional GWAS approaches. The method requires only Z-scores from conventional GWAS and hence can be easily applied to enhance existing and future studies. The method can also be applied to meta-analysis of multiple GWAS allowing for arbitrary sample overlap. We demonstrate its performance using empirical simulations and two applications: (1) a meta-analysis for Alzheimer's disease comprising nine overlapping large-scale GWAS, whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing studies and (2) analysis of 1403 binary phenotypes from the UK Biobank data in 408,961 samples of European ancestry. Our results demonstrate that GhostKnockoff can identify putatively functional variants with weaker statistical effects that are missed by conventional association tests.

Indexed as

Genome-Wide Association StudyPolymorphism, Single NucleotideCausalityChromosome MappingPhenotype

Identifiers

PMID36418338
PMCPMC9684164

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.