Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36418172›Full record

ArticleRNA (New York, N.Y.)2023

N2 modified dinucleotide cap analogs as a potent tool for mRNA engineering.

Renata Grzela, Karolina Piecyk, Anna Stankiewicz-Drogon, Paulina Pietrow, Maciej Lukaszewicz, Karol Kurpiejewski, Edward Darzynkiewicz, Marzena Jankowska-Anyszka

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in RNA (New York, N.Y.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. RNA modifications and their role in gene expression.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Application of Mammalian Nudix Enzymes to Capped RNA Analysis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Trinucleotide mRNA Cap AnalogueJournal of the American Chemical Society · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Renata GrzelaDivision of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
Karolina PiecykFaculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-0954-0236
Anna Stankiewicz-DrogonDivision of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
Paulina PietrowFaculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
Maciej LukaszewiczDivision of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
Karol KurpiejewskiFaculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-0982-081X
Edward DarzynkiewiczDivision of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
Marzena Jankowska-AnyszkaFaculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

mRNA-based vaccines are relatively new technologies that have been in the field of interest of research centers and pharmaceutical companies in recent years. Such therapeutics are an attractive alternative for DNA-based vaccines since they provide material that can be used with no risk of genomic integration. Additionally, mRNA can be quite easily engineered to introduce modifications for different applications or to modulate its properties, for example, to increase translational efficiency or stability, which is not available for DNA vectors. Here, we describe the use of N2 modified dinucleotide cap analogs as components of mRNA transcripts. The compounds obtained showed very promising biological properties while incorporated into mRNA. The presented N2-guanine modifications within the cap structure ensure proper attachment of the dinucleotide to the transcripts in the IVT reaction, guarantees their incorporation only in the correct orientation, and enables highly efficient translation of mRNA both in the in vitro translation system and in human HEK293 cells.

Indexed as

Protein BiosynthesisVaccinesDinucleoside PhosphatesHEK293 CellsHumansRNA Cap AnalogsRNA, MessengerDinucleoside PhosphatesRNA Cap AnalogsRNA, MessengerVaccinescap analogscap-dependent translationmRNAmRNA technologymRNA therapeutics

Identifiers

PMID36418172
PMCPMC9891257

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.