ArticleAcademic pediatrics2023
Prevalence and Co-Occurrence of Developmental and Emotional-Behavioral Problems in Young Children.
Article in Academic pediatrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Iron in breastfed infants and behavior at 3 years: a randomized trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Association of Parenting Stress and Family Management With Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Latent Profile Analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- The Feasibility of Supporting Caregivers of Young Children With Disruptive Behaviors Through Nurse-Delivered Phone Coaching: Quality Improvement Study.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2026Article
- Maternal obesity and inadequate gestational weight gain disrupts placental dopaminergic signaling: impact on infant neurodevelopment.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Bridging access and impact: primary care parenting intervention reduces early behavior problems in both virtual and in-person delivery modes.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Improving Referral Adherence in a Developmental/Behavioral Clinic: A Quality Improvement Initiative.Pediatric quality & safetyArticle
- Child social-emotional and behavioral problems and competencies contribute to changes in developmental functioning during Early Intervention.Early childhood research quarterlyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveA limited number of studies have estimated the prevalence of emotional-behavioral disorders among young children. None have assessed their co-occurrence with developmental delays using standardized assessment tools. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of emotional-behavioral disorders and their co-occurrence with developmental delays among young children (2-5.5 years).
methodsParents of young children (N = 987) enrolled from pediatric waiting rooms completed developmental-behavioral screening questionnaires. Based on results, 585 families were invited to and 439 completed evaluations that included structured diagnostic interviews with parents to assess child psychopathology (Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (PAPA)), developmental testing with children (including the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third Edition for children ≤ 42 months; Differential Ability Scales, second Edition for older children), and videotaped observation to establish whether autism risk was sufficient to warrant further evaluation.
resultsAccording to PAPA algorithms, 23.0% of children met criteria for a DSM-IV disorder, while 9% qualified for a developmental delay. Presence of delay doubled the odds of having a DSM-IV disorder (OR = 2.1; CI: 1.02-4.3), and presence of disorder doubled the odds of having a moderate-to-severe developmental delay (OR=2.0; CI: 1.10-3.50). Prevalence of DSM-IV disorders (48.8% (95% CI: 33.5-64.5%)) and developmental delays (57.5% (95% CI: 41.7-71.9%)) were both higher among children at risk for autism. While developmental delay did not vary by race/ethnicity, prevalence of DSM-IV disorders was lower among African-American/Black (10.6%; CI: 2.9-18.3) and Hispanic/Latino children (11.1%; CI: 4.3-17.9).
conclusionsDevelopmental delays and emotional-behavioral disorders among young children seen in pediatric settings are characterized by high prevalence and substantial co-occurrence.
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Registered trials
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