ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2022
Association between Conflict and Cholera in Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cholera in Lagos State, Nigeria: a One Health perspective on outbreaks and public health interventions.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Water, Hygiene and Inequality: Keys to Understanding and Combating the Current Cholera Epidemic in the Democratic Republic of Congo-A Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Paleopathology Meets Public Health: Deep-Time Syndemics and the Ecology of Emerging Infections.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cholera in Africa: Current trends, challenges, and control towards elimination strategies.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- Identification of priority areas for cholera control, Cameroon.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2026Article
- Early Detection and Surveillance of Infectious Disease Outbreaks in Nigeria : Integrating Nigerian Pidgin English (NPE) into the EPIWATCHJournal of medical systems · 2026Article
- Clinical presentation and outcome of cholera in a regional hospital in Khartoum State, Sudan.Sudanese journal of paediatrics · 2026Article
- Public health disinformation, conflict, and disease outbreaks: a global narrative integrative review to guide new directions for health diplomacy.Global health action · 2025Review
- Article
- Data in the time of cholera: an assessment of global data resources for optimising surveillance, response and control.BMJ global health · 2025Review
- Trends in vaccination coverage and equity in the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 2017 to 2023.Vaccine · 2025Article
- Unmasking and tackling the underestimation of the cholera burden in Africa: A viewpoint.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Review
- Environmental Vibrio cholerae Strains Harboring Cholera Toxin and Vibrio Pathogenicity Island 1, Nigeria, 2008-2015.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Comprehensive Review on the Use of Oral Cholera Vaccine (OCV) in Ethiopia: 2019 to 2023.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Review
- Case-area targeted interventions during a large-scale cholera epidemic: A prospective cohort study in Northeast Nigeria.PLoS medicine · 2024Observational
- Early use of oral cholera vaccines as a prime control measure during outbreaks: Necessary but not sufficient.Vaccine · 2024Article
- Comparison of analysis methods to classify cholera hotspots in Ethiopia from 2015 to 2021.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of cholera hotspots in the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1973 to 2022.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Review
- Evaluating the risk of conflict on recent Ebola outbreaks in Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The interplay among conflict, water scarcity, and cholera in Northern Nigeria.Public health challenges · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cholera outbreaks contribute substantially to illness and death in low- and middle-income countries. Cholera outbreaks are associated with several social and environmental risk factors, and extreme conditions can act as catalysts. A social extreme known to be associated with infectious disease outbreaks is conflict, causing disruption to services, loss of income, and displacement. To determine the extent of this association, we used the self-controlled case-series method and found that conflict increased the risk for cholera in Nigeria by 3.6 times and in the Democratic Republic of the Congo by 2.6 times. We also found that 19.7% of cholera outbreaks in Nigeria and 12.3% of outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo were attributable to conflict. Our results highlight the value of providing rapid and sufficient assistance during conflict-associated cholera outbreaks and working toward conflict resolution and addressing preexisting vulnerabilities, such as poverty and access to healthcare.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.