ArticleGlobal change biology2023
Declining Amazon biomass due to deforestation and subsequent degradation losses exceeding gains.
Article in Global change biology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human influence on Amazon's aboveground carbon dynamics intensified over the last decade.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Large live biomass carbon losses from droughts in the northern temperate ecosystems during 2016-2022.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A large net carbon loss attributed to anthropogenic and natural disturbances in the Amazon Arc of Deforestation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Amazon deforestation causes strong regional warming.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Declining Amazon biomass due to deforestation and subsequent degradation losses exceeding gains.Global change biology · 2023Article
- Protected areas reduce deforestation and degradation and enhance woody growth across African woodlands.Communications earth & environment · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 9 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In the Amazon, deforestation and climate change lead to increased vulnerability to forest degradation, threatening its existing carbon stocks and its capacity as a carbon sink. We use satellite L-Band Vegetation Optical Depth (L-VOD) data that provide an integrated (top-down) estimate of biomass carbon to track changes over 2011-2019. Because the spatial resolution of L-VOD is coarse (0.25°), it allows limited attribution of the observed changes. We therefore combined high-resolution annual maps of forest cover and disturbances with biomass maps to model carbon losses (bottom-up) from deforestation and degradation, and gains from regrowing secondary forests. We show an increase of deforestation and associated degradation losses since 2012 which greatly outweigh secondary forest gains. Degradation accounted for 40% of gross losses. After an increase in 2011, old-growth forests show a net loss of above-ground carbon between 2012 and 2019. The sum of component carbon fluxes in our model is consistent with the total biomass change from L-VOD of 1.3 Pg C over 2012-2019. Across nine Amazon countries, we found that while Brazil contains the majority of biomass stocks (64%), its losses from disturbances were disproportionately high (79% of gross losses). Our multi-source analysis provides a pessimistic assessment of the Amazon carbon balance and highlights the urgent need to stop the recent rise of deforestation and degradation, particularly in the Brazilian Amazon.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.