Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36415249›Full record

ArticlePakistan journal of medical sciences

Factors leading to the academic failure of undergraduate medical students - Predict early to prevent.

Azhar Rashid, Rahila Yasmeen, Rehan Ahmed, Khaulah Jawed

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pakistan journal of medical sciences. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Procrastination in medical students: a systematic review.Canadian medical education journal · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Azhar RashidProf. Dr. Azhar Rashid, MBBS, FCPS, OJT, MSc (Defense & Strategic Studies), CHPE, MHPE. Dean FHMS/Principal, Islamic International Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad Pakistan.
Rahila YasmeenProf. Dr. Rahila Yasmeen, BDS, MHPE, (PhD Scholar), Dean & Head of Medical Education Dept., Riphah University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Rehan AhmedProf. Dr. Rehan Ahmed Khan. MBBS, FCPS, FRCS, MHPE, PhD (Medical Education), Assistant Dean Medical Education and Professor of Surgery, Islamic International Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad Pakistan.
Khaulah JawedDr. Khaulah Jawed, BDS, MHPE. Lecturer, Department of Dental Education. Avicenna Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: The main objective of the study was to explore the factors to predict academic failure before the first major assessment. Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted from March 2021 to August 2021 at Riphah International University. Using the purposive sampling technique, 16 students and seven teachers were included in the study. Eight online interviews were conducted with students who were academic failures and two focus group discussions were held with eight high achievers and seven teachers. The data was analyzed and thematic analysis was done. Results: Thematic analyses deduced relevant themes which were: Educational Journey Does past matter? Essential for learning, Personality and psychological make-up, and assessment of behaviour. The factors identified were performance record, learning difficulty, educational dislocation, missionless and purposeless, against free will, tuition, poor self-regulation, low effort, procrastination, non-reflective practice, cognitive load mismanagement, limited remediation, hesitant help-seeking, low self-efficacy, introvert behaviour, demotivation, emotional imbalance, observation of student behaviour, assessment of assigned task. Conclusion: Academic failure can be predicted early and salvaged.

Indexed as

Academic failureFactorsPredictPreventUndergraduate medical student

Identifiers

PMID36415249
PMCPMC9676603

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.