ArticleInternational ophthalmology2023
Analysis of the outer retinal thickness pixel maps for the screening of hydroxychloroquine retinopathy.
Article in International ophthalmology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optical Coherence Tomography and Angiography in Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy: A Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
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4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo describe the findings and new interpretation methods of retinal thickness maps in the setting of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) therapy.
methodsA case series of 27 patients with a history of HCQ intake of more than 5 years and 21 normal subjects as the control group were studied. Patients were tested using swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT). Custom-made 10 × 10 retinal thickness pixel maps of the 6 mm⨯6 mm area centered on the fovea were created for the full, inner, and outer retina of each eye and normal values obtained from the control group were used to calculate the statistical significance of each pixel and highlight suspicious pixels. A pixel was shown with light or dark gray color if its p value was ≤ 0.05 or ≤ 0.01, respectively. Cross-sectional OCT images and visual fields were examined as well and used to confirm the diagnosis of HCQ retinopathy.
resultsThe pixel outer retinal thickness maps appeared accurate in detecting lesions even in eyes with unremarkable full retina thickness maps. The size and location of atrophic retinal defects were shown on pixel maps. Outer retinal thickness maps were able in differentiating outer retinal thinning from inner retinal thinning as the hallmark of HCQ retinopathy.
conclusionOuter retinal thickness pixel maps can be used for the screening of HCQ retinopathy.
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