ArticleScientific reports2022
Characterizing the degradation of cannabidiol in an e-liquid formulation.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cannabidiol in Dietary Supplements: Characteristics, Routes of Administration, Bioavailability, and Research Challenges.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cannabidiol for Mucosal Diseases: Therapeutic Potential and Advanced Delivery Strategies.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Cannabinoid Vaping Products: Regulation, Composition, Toxicological Effects, and Emerging Research.Chemical research in toxicology · 2025Review
- Vaping-induced Oxidation of Cannabidiol Causes Adduction of TOP2A and Interferes with Cellular Proliferation.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2025Article
- Cannabidiol in Skin Health: A Comprehensive Review of Topical Applications in Dermatology and Cosmetic Science.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Enhancement of cannabidiol oral bioavailability through the development of nanostructured lipid carriers: In vitro and in vivo evaluation studies.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Article
- A multi-market comparison of composition, formulation, and label content of CBD e-liquids.iScience · 2024Article
- A new HPLC method with multiple detection systems for impurity analysis and discrimination of natural versus synthetic cannabidiol.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2024Article
- Phytocannabinoids CBD, CBG, and their Derivatives CBD-HQ and CBG-A Induced In Vitro Cytotoxicity in 2D and 3D Colon Cancer Cell Models.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Vaping Induced Cannabidiol (CBD) Oxidation Product CBD Quinone Forms Protein Adducts with KEAP1 and Activates KEAP1-Nrf2 Genes.Chemical research in toxicology · 2023Article
- Development and in vitro Evaluation of Cannabidiol Mucoadhesive Buccal Film Formulations Using Hot-Melt Extrusion Technology.Medical cannabis and cannabinoidsArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The reported characteristics of cannabidiol (CBD) have encouraged significant growth in commercial CBD products. There is limited information on the stability of CBD and some researchers have noted significant reductions of CBD in products. In this study, the chemical profiles of plant-based and chemically synthesized CBD in a prototype e-liquid formulation were assessed during 4 weeks of storage under varying conditions. Samples were analysed on days 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29 by untargeted analysis using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-trapped ion mobility-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-TIMS-TOF-MS). On day 1, analysis of plant-based and synthetic CBD formulations showed small differences in their composition, with plant-based CBD e-liquid containing trace levels of a higher number of phytocannabinoid-related impurities. Storage for 4 weeks under stress (40 °C, 75% relative humidity, dark) and ambient (25 °C, 60% relative humidity, daylight) conditions led to increases in the number and abundance of cannabinoid-related degradation products, including cannabielsoin (CBE) and CBD-hydroxyquinone (HU-331), which are products of the oxidation of CBD, and other unidentified cannabinoid-related compounds. The unidentified cannabinoid-related compounds were probed by accurate mass measurement and MS
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.