ArticleClocks & sleep2022
Associations among Alcohol Drinking, Smoking, and Nonrestorative Sleep: A Population-Based Study in Japan.
Article in Clocks & sleep, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spatial analysis of the percentages of smokers, alcohol drinkers, social welfare expenditure and insomniacs in Japan.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Panel Data Analysis of Socioeconomic Factors and COVID-19's Impact on Drinking Habits: Evidence from a Japanese Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Association Between Alcohol Use Patterns and Insomnia Symptoms or Poor Sleep Quality Among Adult Women: An Internet Cross-Sectional Survey in Japan.Clocks & sleep · 2025Article
- The Interactions between Smoking and Sleep.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Association of COVID-19 preventive behavior and job-related stress with the sleep quality of healthcare workers one year into the COVID-19 outbreak: a Japanese cross-sectional survey.BioPsychoSocial medicine · 2024Article
- Association between sleep duration and depression in menopausal women: a population-based study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Nonrestorative sleep is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in the general Japanese population.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nonrestorative sleep (NRS) is a common sleep disorder. It is associated with several unhealthy lifestyle factors, such as skipping breakfast and lack of exercise. However, the associations between alcohol drinking, smoking, and NRS are unclear. This study examined the prevalence of NRS within the Japanese general population and the relationships among alcohol drinking, smoking, and NRS. We analyzed an anonymized dataset from a 2013 nationwide population survey (35,717 men and 39,911 women). NRS was assessed through a single-item question, and socio-demographic and lifestyle factors were assessed through self-reports. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations between alcohol drinking, smoking, and NRS. The total prevalence of NRS was 22.2% (95% CI 21.8-22.7) in men and 23.4% (95% CI 23.0-23.8) in women. Further, we found that sleep duration and prevalence of NRS shared an inverse J-shaped relationship. Heavy alcohol drinking was significantly associated with NRS in both sexes. Short sleep duration and certain socioeconomic factors modified the effect of smoking on NRS in men. These results could be useful in the development of more effective sleep health policies to establish better sleep hygiene.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.