Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36411332›Full record

ArticleMucosal immunology2022

Mucosal immunization with a delta-inulin adjuvanted recombinant spike vaccine elicits lung-resident immune memory and protects mice against SARS-CoV-2.

Erica L Stewart, Claudio Counoupas, Matt D Johansen, Duc H Nguyen, Stefan Miemczyk, Nicole G Hansbro, Kia C Ferrell, Anneliese Ashhurst, Sibel Alca, Caroline Ashley and 5 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Mucosal immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Mucosal immune response in biology, disease prevention and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Upper respiratory tract immunization with PamFrontiers in immunology · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Erica L StewartSchool of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Claudio CounoupasSchool of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Matt D JohansenFaculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Duc H NguyenFaculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Stefan MiemczykFaculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Nicole G HansbroFaculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Kia C FerrellSchool of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Anneliese AshhurstSchool of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Sibel AlcaSchool of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Caroline AshleySchool of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Megan SteainSchool of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Warwick J BrittonTuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Philip M HansbroFaculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Nikolai PetrovskyVaxine Pty Ltd., Bedford Park, Adelaide, 5042, SA, Australia.
James A TriccasSchool of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. jamie.triccas@sydney.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0003-3730-2339
The University of Sydney · AUUniversity of Technology Sydney · AUVaxine (Australia) · AU

Funding

Novel vaccine adjuvants to counter bioterrorist threatsU01AI061142 · NIAID · FLINDERS UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA · PI PETROVSKY, NIKOLAI · 2005 to 2009
$3.5M
NIAID NIH HHS HHSN272200800039CNIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201400053CNIAID NIH HHS U01 AI061142
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Multiple SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates have been approved for use and have had a major impact on the COVID-19 pandemic. There remains, however, a significant need for vaccines that are safe, easily transportable and protective against infection, as well as disease. Mucosal vaccination is favored for its ability to induce immune memory at the site of infection, making it appealing for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine strategies. In this study we performed in-depth analysis of the immune responses in mice to a subunit recombinant spike protein vaccine formulated with the delta-inulin adjuvant Advax when administered intratracheally (IT), versus intramuscular delivery (IM). Both routes produced robust neutralizing antibody titers (NAb) and generated sterilizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2. IT delivery, however, produced significantly higher systemic and lung-local NAb that resisted waning up to six months post vaccination, and only IT delivery generated inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT), a site of lymphocyte antigen presentation and proliferation. This was coupled with robust and long-lasting lung tissue-resident memory CD4

Indexed as

COVID-19SARS-CoV-2Adjuvants, ImmunologicAnimalsCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCOVID-19 VaccinesGastric MucosaHumansImmunizationImmunologic MemoryInulinLungMicePandemicsVaccinationVaccines, SyntheticAdjuvants, ImmunologicCOVID-19 VaccinesInulinVaccines, Synthetic

Identifiers

PMID36411332
PMCPMC9676795
OpenAlexW4309659619

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.