ArticleFrontiers in aging neuroscience2022
Elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein levels associated with poor short-term outcomes after spinal cord stimulation in patients with disorders of consciousness.
Article in Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic factors in prolonged disorders of consciousness: a narrative review.Reviews in the neurosciences · 2026Review
- Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood Biomarkers in Patients with Post-Traumatic Disorders of Consciousness: A Scoping Review.Brain sciences · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a promising treatment for patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC); however, the laboratory examinations and different electrodes (permanent #39286 vs. temporary percutaneous #3777, Medtronic, USA) that are associated with postoperative outcomes are unclear. The study aims to study the association between the change in postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein level and improvement in consciousness after SCS in DoC patients and to explore whether different electrodes were associated with elevated CSF protein levels. Materials and methods: A total of 66 DoC patients who received SCS treatment from December 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were grouped according to their elevated CSF protein level. The clinical characteristics of the patients and SCS stimulation parameters were compared. The preoperative sagittal diameter of the spinal canal is the distance from the midpoint of the posterior border of the vertebral body to the midpoint of the posterior wall of the spinal canal at the level of the superior border of C3. The postoperative sagittal diameter of the spinal canal is the distance from the midpoint of the posterior edge of the vertebral body to the anterior edge of the stimulation electrode. Patients with improved postoperative CRS-R scores greater than 3 or who progressed to the MCS + /eMCS were classified as the improved group and otherwise regarded as poor outcome. Results: We found that more DoC patients had elevated CSF protein levels among those receiving SCS treatment with permanent electrodes than temporary percutaneous electrodes ( Conclusion: The results suggest that reducing the effect of electrode pads on anatomical changes may help improve the outcomes of DoC patients receiving SCS treatment. CSF protein levels are associated with poor postoperative outcomes and whether they are potential biomarkers in DoC patients receiving SCS treatment remain further exploration.
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