ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2022
Diabetic retinopathy predicts cardiovascular disease independently of subclinical atherosclerosis in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influencing factors of stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Association between albuminuria and prevalent diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study with exploratory analysis by carotid plaque status.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Association of Diabetic Retinopathy and Arterial Stiffness With Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes.Cureus · 2025Article
- Article
- Association between dietary niacin intake and diabetic retinopathy in a Catalonian population: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- A Study of the Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease and Diabetes Mellitus.Cureus · 2024Article
- Two ferroptosis-specific expressed genes NOX4 and PARP14 are considered as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy and atherosclerosis.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Article
- Lipid-lowering therapy and LDL-C control for primary prevention in persons with diabetes across 90 health systems in the United States.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2023Article
- Diabetic Neuropathy of the Retina and Inflammation: Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and preclinical atherosclerosis are associated with higher cardiovascular risk. However, no studies have investigated the predictive role of DR and preclinical atherosclerosis jointly on cardiovascular events in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to assess the contribution of DR and subclinical atherosclerosis on the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in subjects with T2D without previous cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: We included two prospective cohorts of subjects with T2D from the same geographical area. Assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis was performed by carotid ultrasound. An ophthalmologist classified DR according to standard criteria. Cardiovascular outcomes considered for analysis were the following: ischemic heart disease, stroke, heart failure, peripheral artery disease, revascularization procedures, and cardiovascular mortality. Bivariable and multivariable predictive models were performed. Results: From a total of 374 subjects with T2D 44 developed cardiovascular events during the 7.1 years of follow-up. Diabetes duration, total cholesterol, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at baseline were higher in subjects who developed cardiovascular outcomes ( Conclusion: DR is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events in T2D individuals at primary CVD prevention, even after accounting for the presence of preclinical carotid atherosclerosis. These results may help to individualize CVD prevention strategies in T2D.
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