Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36405112›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2022

The impact of COVID-19 perceived threat and restrictive measures on mental health in Italy, Spain, New York, and Hong Kong: An international multisite study.

Denise Vagnini, Wai Kai Hou, Clint Hougen, Adrián Cano, Andrea Bonanomi, Federica Facchin, Sara Molgora, Francesco Pagnini, Emanuela Saita

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

Denise VagniniDepartment of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
Wai Kai HouDepartment of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Clint HougenGordon F. Derner School of Psychology, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, United States.
Adrián CanoDepartment of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Andrea BonanomiDepartment of Statistical Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
Federica FacchinDepartment of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
Sara MolgoraDepartment of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
Francesco PagniniDepartment of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
Emanuela SaitaDepartment of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore · ITAdelphi University · USEducation University of Hong Kong · HKHarvard University · USUniversidad de Navarra · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, Italy, Spain, New York, and Hong Kong stood out for the ir high rates of infections. Given this scenario, a web-based international multisite and cross-sectional study was conducted between April and May 2020 to investigate the psychological impact of the pandemic and the restrictions imposed by the governments in these countries. We expected similar patterns in European countries, and no significant differences in terms of psychological impairment between Hong Kong (with a previous experience related to SARS, but subjected to restrictions for a longer time) and the other areas. Participants were 1955 adults from the above-mentioned areas. We assessed anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), COVID-19-related threats, and perceived burden of restrictive measures. Two-explorative factor analyses (EFAs) with Promax rotation identified COVID-19-related factors: personal physical threat, personal economic threat, global economic threat, and restriction-related burden. ANOVAs studied locations' differences and two-separate hierarchical multiple regression analyses by location determined whether and how COVID-19-related variables were associated with anxiety and depression, adjusting for age and sex. Italy and Hong Kong showed higher anxiety than Spain (

Indexed as

anxietyCOVID-19 pandemicdepressioneconomic crisisphysical threatrestrictive measures

Identifiers

PMID36405112
PMCPMC9667941
OpenAlexW4308124592

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.