ArticlePloS one2022
The biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance of bacterial profile from endotracheal tube of patients admitted to intensive care unit in southwest of Iran.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biofilm Formation on Endotracheal and Tracheostomy Tubing: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Culture Data and Sampling Method.MicrobiologyOpen · 2025Pooled it
- Antimicrobial resistance from one health perspective in the Middle East: A systematic review.Open veterinary journal · 2024Pooled it
- Biofilm-associated microbial communities on microplastics in rural and urban aquatic environments of Tamil Nadu, India: Functional characterization and antibiotic resistance.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in ICU patients and hospital surfaces: β-lactamase burden, biofilm formation and clonal spread.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Biofilm Formation, Alginate Production, Pattern of Drug Resistance, and the Presence of Efflux PumpTanaffos · 2025Article
- Article
- Biofilm Production in Intensive Care Units: Challenges and Implications.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Microbial Biofilms: Features of Formation and Potential for Use in Bioelectrochemical Devices.Biosensors · 2024Review
- Antibacterial Properties and Efficacy of LL-37 Fragment GF-17D3 and Scolopendin A2 Peptides Against Resistant Clinical Strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii In Vitro and In Vivo Model Studies.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2024Article
- The Biofilm Inhibition Properties of Glucosamine Gold Nanoparticles in Combination with Meropenem againstMaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Treatment and Management ofInfection and drug resistance · 2024Review
- Study on the inhibition activity and mechanism of Tanreqing againstFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Snapshot of Phenotypic and Molecular Virulence and Resistance Profiles in Multidrug-Resistant Strains Isolated in a Tertiary Hospital in Romania.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2025-03-12Concerns/Issues about Human Subject Welfare · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance · Objections by Author(s) ·
- Retracted
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a prevalent nosocomial illness in mechanically ventilated patients. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation of bacterial profiles from Endotracheal Tubes of patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit in southwest Iran. According to the standard operating method, the microbiological laboratory conducts bacteria culture and susceptibility testing on endotracheal Tube samples suspected of carrying a bacterial infection. The Clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI) techniques are used to determine the Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of bacterial isolates to antibiotics using the disk diffusion method. The crystal violet staining method was used to assess the biofilm-forming potential of isolates in a 96-well microtiter plate. In total, (51%) GPBs were included in this study. The isolated GPB were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (16%), S. aureus (14%). In total, (40%) of GNB were included in this study. The isolated GNB were Klebsiella spp. (36%), A. baumannii (22%), P. aeruginosa (35%). (32%) bacterial strains were MDR and (29%) strains were XDR. The results of biofilm formation showed (72%) were biofilm producers. VAP is a common and severe nosocomial infection in mechanically ventilated patients. Controlling biofilm formation, whether on the ET or in the oropharyngeal cavity, is thus an important technique for treating VAP. Colistin and linezolid are antibiotics that are effective against practically all resistant GNB and GPB isolates.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.