ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2023
APOE ε4 carrier status and sex differentiate rates of cognitive decline in early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Independent, but not synergistic, associations ofJournal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in the Association of Simultaneous Decline in Blood Pressure and Decline in Cognition during Aging.Annals of neurology · 2026Article
- Connecting the Dots: Neurobiological Interplay Between Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Walking to protect against cognitive decline: the role of APOE genotype and sex.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Genetic risk in Alzheimer's disease.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2026Review
- Sex-dependent grey matter atrophy in Alzheimer's disease progression.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Alzheimer's disease polygenic risk in early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Association of neuroticism with incident dementia and cognitive function: 26-year follow-up of EPIC-Norfolk study.Age and ageing · 2025Article
- Population intervention models of racial ethnic disparities in cognitive outcomes from cardiometabolic risk factors - HABS-HD.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Article
- Temporal Modeling of Amyloid and Tau Trajectories in Alzheimer's Disease using PET and Plasma Biomarkers.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Targeting Aging Hallmarks with Monoclonal Antibodies: A New Era in Cancer Immunotherapy and Geriatric Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Sex differences in age-associated neurological diseases-A roadmap for reliable and high-yield research.Science advances · 2025Review
- APOEε4 alters ApoE and Fabp7 in frontal cortex white matter in prodromal Alzheimer's disease.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Aperiodic EEG signatures: unveiling the interplay between APOE ε4 and mild cognitive impairment subtypes.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Medial temporal lobe atrophy patterns in early-versus late-onset amnestic Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Associations of CSF BACE1 with amyloid pathology, neurodegeneration, and cognition in Alzheimer's disease.Acta neuropathologica · 2024Article
- Is blood pTau a reliable indicator of the CSF status? A narrative review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Review
- Medial temporal lobe atrophy patterns in early- versus late-onset amnestic Alzheimer's disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Vivaria housing conditions expose sex differences in brain oxidation, microglial activation, and immune system states in aged hAPOE4 mice.Experimental brain research · 2024Article
- Reduced GLP-1R availability in the caudate nucleus with Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe studied the effect of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status and sex on rates of cognitive decline in early- (EO) and late- (LO) onset Alzheimer's disease (AD).
methodWe ran mixed-effects models with longitudinal cognitive measures as dependent variables, and sex, APOE ε4 carrier status, and interaction terms as predictor variables in 998 EOAD and 2562 LOAD participants from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center.
resultsAPOE ε4 carriers showed accelerated cognitive decline relative to non-carriers in both EOAD and LOAD, although the patterns of specific cognitive domains that were affected differed. Female participants showed accelerated cognitive decline relative to male participants in EOAD only. The effect of APOE ε4 was greater in EOAD for executive functioning (p < 0.0001) and greater in LOAD for language (p < 0.0001).
conclusionWe found APOE ε4 effects on cognitive decline in both EOAD and LOAD and female sex in EOAD only. The specific patterns and magnitude of decline are distinct between the two disease variants. HIGHLIGHTS: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carrier status and sex differentiate rates of cognitive decline in early-onset (EO) and late-onset (LO) Alzheimer's disease (AD). APOE ε4 in EOAD accelerated decline in memory, executive, and processing speed domains. Female sex in EOAD accelerated decline in language, memory, and global cognition. The effect of APOE ε4 was stronger for language in LOAD and for executive function in EOAD. Sex effects on language and executive function decline differed between EOAD and LOAD.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.