ArticleOphthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)2023
Revisiting the oil droplet sign in keratoconus: Utility for early keratoconus diagnosis and screening.
Article in Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Proportion and clinical characteristics of keratoconus among patients attending refraction units: a retrospective facility-based study in Malawi.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Strategies for Early Keratoconus Diagnosis: A Narrative Review of Evaluating Affordable and Effective Detection Techniques.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Comparison of the quantitative contrast sensitivity function between early keratoconus and normal eyes.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Topographic Keratoconus Incidence in Greece Diagnosed in Routine Consecutive Cataract Procedures: A Consecutive Case Series of 1250 Cases over 5 Years.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Revisiting the oil droplet sign in keratoconus: Utility for early keratoconus diagnosis and screening.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAn annular dark shadow (ADS) reflex has been observed while performing direct ophthalmoscopy on subjects with keratoconus. This study describes a method that may serve as a diagnostic technique for early keratoconus and may be used as a quantitative measure of severity.
methodsHealthy keratoconic subjects and keratoconus suspects underwent corneal tomography and a full ocular examination. Keratoconus severity was graded based on Belin ABCD criteria. An iPhone camera was connected to a direct ophthalmoscope to take a picture of the eye. The height of the ASD was measured using the AutoCAD software. Differences between subject groups were evaluated by chi-squared and Mann-Whitney tests. Spearman correlation compared ocular parameters and the height of the ADS. A multiple stepwise linear regression was used to predict the height of the ADS based on clinical parameters.
resultsFifty-eight subjects participated in this study: 37 healthy controls (37 eyes) and 21 keratoconics or keratoconus suspects (37 eyes). The ADS was present in all keratoconic and keratoconus-suspect eyes but in none of the controls. The height of the ADS was significantly correlated with keratoconus severity. Front corneal surface root mean square of higher order aberrations, sphere and anterior radius of curvature from the front apex curve are significant predictors of the height of the ADS. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The ADS may be a useful method to diagnose keratoconus and keratoconus-suspect cases and serve as a grading and follow-up method for tracking disease severity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.