ArticleFrontiers in public health2022
Religious affiliation as a driver of immunization coverage: Analyses of zero-dose vaccine prevalence in 66 low- and middle-income countries.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review of Pharmacist-Administered Paediatric Vaccinations in Low- and Lower-Middle-Income Countries.Vaccines · 2026Review
- The impacts of COVID-19 on routine immunization for children in Rwanda.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- COVID19 Sero-epidemiology and vaccine uptake in two Southern Nigerian clinics.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Decomposition of socioeconomic inequalities in zero-dose children aged 12-23 months in India.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Factors affecting timeliness in vaccination of under-five children in India: A cross-sectional study using the NFHS 5 survey during COVID-19.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Determinants of Malaria Vaccine Awareness Among Women in Ghana: Findings From the 2022 Ghana Malaria Indicator Survey.Public health challenges · 2025Article
- The Immunization Agenda 2030 Strategy to reach zero-dose children in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Time to first dose of measles-containing vaccine and associated factors among infants in Ethiopia: a survival analysis from performance monitoring for action data.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Path to full immunisation coverage, role of each vaccine and their importance in the immunisation programme: a cross-sectional analytical study of India.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Regional Disparities and Maternal Sociodemographic Determinants of Full Immunization Coverage Among Children Aged 12-23 Months in Nigeria: Insights from NDHS 2018.Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Does unintended birth lead to zero dose of DPT vaccine among children aged 12-23 months in India?Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Inequalities in ownership and availability of home-based vaccination records in 82 low- and middle-income countries.BMJ global health · 2024Article
- Further analysis of determinants of Pentavalent and Measles immunizations dropouts among children under five years of age in Ethiopia from Mini-EDHS 2019.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Machine learning algorithms for prediction of measles one vaccination dropout among 12-23 months children in Ethiopia.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Inequality in Childhood Immunization Coverage: A Scoping Review of Data Sources, Analyses, and Reporting Methods.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Exploring the "Urban Advantage" in Access to Immunization Services: A Comparison of Zero-Dose Prevalence Between Rural, and Poor and Non-poor Urban Households Across 97 Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Article
- Child immunization status according to number of siblings and birth order in 85 low- and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- High prevalence of zero-dose children in underserved and special setting populations in Ethiopia using a generalize estimating equation and concentration index analysis.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Measuring Zero-Dose Children: Reflections on Age Cohort Flexibilities for Targeted Immunization Surveys at the Local Level.Vaccines · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Background: The literature on the association between religion and immunization coverage is scant, mostly consisting of single-country studies. Analyses in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) to assess whether the proportions of zero-dose children vary according to religion remains necessary to better understand non-socioeconomic immunization barriers and to inform interventions that target zero-dose children. Methods: We included 66 LMICs with standardized national surveys carried out since 2010, with information on religion and vaccination. The proportion of children who failed to receive any doses of a diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) containing vaccine - a proxy for no access to routine vaccination or "zero-dose" status - was the outcome. Differences among religious groups were assessed using a test for heterogeneity. Additional analyses were performed controlling for the fixed effect of country, household wealth, maternal education, and urban-rural residence to assess associations between religion and immunization. Findings: In 27 countries there was significant heterogeneity in no-DPT prevalence according to religion. Pooled analyses adjusted for wealth, maternal education, and area of residence showed that Muslim children had 76% higher no-DPT prevalence than Christian children. Children from the majority religion in each country tended to have lower no-DPT prevalence than the rest of the population except in Muslim-majority countries. Interpretation: Analyses of gaps in coverage according to religion are relevant to renewing efforts to reach groups that are being left behind, with an important role in the reduction of zero-dose children.
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