ReviewFrontiers in neurology2022
Site effects how-to and when: An overview of retrospective techniques to accommodate site effects in multi-site neuroimaging analyses.
Review in Frontiers in neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Predictive Models for Motor Outcomes From Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Predictive modelling of brain disorders with magnetic resonance imaging: A systematic review of modelling practices, transparency, and interpretability in the use of convolutional neural networks.Human brain mapping · 2023Pooled it
- Habenula Alterations in Resting-State Functional Connectivity Among Autistic Individuals.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2026Article
- Brain network dynamics reflect psychiatric illness status and transdiagnostic symptom profiles across health and disease.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Adversity and adolescent brain development: differential associations with grey and white matter across two longitudinal cohorts.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- HARMONY: A large-scale harmonized neuroimaging dataset for research on anxious misery disorders.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Supervised Domain Adaptation Mitigates Cross-Ethnicity Prediction Error in Neuroimaging-Based Cognitive Prediction.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- ComBat-Predict Enhances Generalizability of Neuroimaging Models to New Sites.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- A Framework for Advancing Mechanistic Neurobehavioral Biomarkers in Psychiatry.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Classification of major depressive disorder using vertex-wise brain sulcal depth, curvature, and thickness with a deep and a shallow learning model.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- MV-ComBat and MV-CovBat: Multivariate Frameworks for Joint Harmonization of Multi-Metric Neuroimaging Data.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Characterizing Continuous and Discrete Hybrid Latent Spaces for Structural Connectomes.Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering · 2026Article
- Article
- Data-driven vestibular fMRI in PPPD and residual dizziness after BPPV: a narrative methodological review of AI-based phenotyping and longitudinal modeling.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Longitudinal, Intra-Individual Stability of Untargeted Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Metabolites.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Longitudinal, intra-individual stability of untargeted plasma and cerebrospinal fluid metabolites.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- ACMSD methylation in peripheral blood is associated with dynamic functional connectivity pattern in adolescent MDD patients.Epigenetics · 2025Article
- Challenges and best practices when using ComBAT to harmonize diffusion MRI data.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A Replicable and Generalizable Neuroimaging-Based Indicator of Pain Sensitivity Across Individuals.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Understanding individual neurodegenerative progression in Parkinson's disease through normative modelling.Scientific reports · 2025Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Site differences, or systematic differences in feature distributions across multiple data-acquisition sites, are a known source of heterogeneity that may adversely affect large-scale meta- and mega-analyses of independently collected neuroimaging data. They influence nearly all multi-site imaging modalities and biomarkers, and methods to compensate for them can improve reliability and generalizability in the analysis of genetics, omics, and clinical data. The origins of statistical site effects are complex and involve both
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.