ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2022
T3 levels and thyroid hormone signaling.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Treatment Preferences in Patients With Hypothyroidism.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Pooled it
- Association between thyroid hormone and pre-sarcopenic obesity in euthyroid population: a prospective cohort study.European thyroid journal · 2026Article
- Dietary Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation Enhances Meat Quality, Nutritional Profile, and Antioxidant Status in Meat Rabbits.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Overnutrition in mice impairs thyroid hormone biosynthesis and utilization, causing hypothyroidism, despite remarkable thyroidal adaptations.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- The Prognostic Significance of Low-Triiodothyronine Syndrome in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Thyroid hormone promotes fetal neurogenesis.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Trisomy 21 Disrupts Thyroid Hormones Signaling During Human iPSC-Derived Neural Differentiation In Vitro.Cells · 2025Article
- Association between maternal circulating total triiodothyronine and subsequent risk of preeclampsia.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Its Hormonal Effects in Women Following Surgical Removal.Cureus · 2025Review
- Protective role of triiodothyronine in sepsis‑induced cardiomyopathy through phospholamban downregulation.International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Clinical thyroidology: beyond the 1970s' TSH-T4 Paradigm.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Acquired hypothyroidism, iodine status and hearing impairment in adults: A pilot study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Thyroid hormone suppresses cell growth by regulating CDK2 and cyclin E1 expression via Hepsin.American journal of cancer research · 2025Article
- Free Triiodothyronine Serves as a Potential Predictor of Long-Term Heart Failure Following Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Single-Center Follow-Up Study in China.Cardiology research and practice · 2025Article
- Triiodothyronine (T3) promotes browning of white adipose through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Thyroid hormone suppresses medulloblastoma progression through promoting terminal differentiation of tumor cells.Cancer cell · 2024Article
- Branched-Chain Amino Acids, Alanine, and Thyroid Function: A Cross-Sectional, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-Based Approach from ELSA-Brasil.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Mapping Thyroid Hormone Action in the Human Brain.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The clinical availability of tissue-specific biomarkers of thyroid hormone (TH) action constitutes a "holy grail" for the field. Scientists have investigated several TH-dependent markers, including the tissue content of triiodothyronine (T3)-the active form of TH. The study of animal models and humans indicates that the T3 content varies among different tissues, mostly due to the presence of low-affinity, high-capacity cytoplasmic T3 binding proteins. Nonetheless, given that T3 levels in the plasma and tissues are in equilibrium, T3 signaling is defined by the intracellular free T3 levels. The available techniques to assess tissue T3 are invasive and not clinically applicable. However, the tracer kinetic studies revealed that serum T3 levels can accurately predict tissue T3 content and T3 signaling in most tissues, except for the brain and pituitary gland. This is true not only for normal individuals but also for patients with hypo or hyperthyroidism-but not for patients with non-thyroidal illness syndrome. Given this direct relationship between serum and tissue T3 contents and T3 signaling in most tissues, clinicians managing patients with hypothyroidism could refocus attention on monitoring serum T3 levels. Future clinical trials should aim at correlating clinical outcomes with serum T3 levels.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.