ArticleAJOG global reports2022
Endometrial preparation and maternal and obstetrical outcomes after frozen blastocyst transfer.
Article in AJOG global reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reproductive outcome after frozen embryo transfer with hormone replacement therapy according to luteal-phase support protocol: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2025Pooled it
- Neonatal and maternal outcomes following transfer of vitrified embryos compared with slow-frozen and fresh embryos: a retrospective study in singletons.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Maternal and obstetric outcomes following the transfer of embryos warmed with fatty acid-supplemented solutions.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Pathologic maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with programmed embryo transfer.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2024Review
- The impact of serum estradiol and progesterone levels during implantation on obstetrical complications and perinatal outcomes in frozen embryo transfer.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2024Article
- Comparison of 1-year cumulative live birth and perinatal outcomes following single blastocyst transfer with or without preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy: a propensity score-matched study.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2023Article
- Editorial: Endometrial thickness as a risk factor for pregnancy complications.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Programmed frozen embryo transfer cycles are associated with a higher risk of abnormal placental development: a retrospective cohort study of singleton live births.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Risk of Placenta Accreta Spectrum With Early Pregnancy Subchorionic Hematoma Location and Size in Hormone Replacement Cycles.Reproductive medicine and biologyArticle
- Fatty acid supplementation into warming solutions improves pregnancy outcomes after single vitrified-warmed cleavage stage embryo transfers.Reproductive medicine and biologyArticle
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTwo types of endometrial preparation protocols are used for frozen embryo transfers in current practice: hormone replacement and the natural cycle. Endometrial preparation in the natural cycle reportedly increases the chances of live birth and decreases early pregnancy loss compared with that in the hormone replacement cycle. However, the influence of endometrial preparation on maternal and neonatal health remains unclear.
objectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether the differences between hormone replacement cycle and natural cycle influence perinatal outcomes and risk of congenital anomalies in frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer fetuses or births. STUDY
designPerinatal outcomes and congenital abnormalities were compared between the natural and hormone replacement cycles. According to the timing of ovulation, frozen-thawed blastocyst transfers in the natural cycle were classified into 2 patterns: on day 4.5 (ovulation 4.5) or day 5 (ovulation 5.0) after ovulation. When the serum luteinizing hormone level was not increased on the day of the trigger, a single vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer was performed on day 7 after the trigger (ovulation 5.0). When the luteinizing hormone level was slightly increased on the day of trigger, single vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer was performed on day 6 after the trigger (ovulation 5.0). In total, 67,018 cycles (ovulation 4.5, 29,705 cycles; ovulation 5.0, 31,995 cycles; hormone replacement, 5318 cycles) of frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer between January 2008 and December 2017 at Kato Ladies Clinic were retrospectively analyzed. During the study period, embryo cryopreservation was performed using a vitrification method in all cycles.
resultsHormone replacement cycles were associated with a higher occurrence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio, 2.16; 95% confidence interval, 1.66-2.81) and placenta accreta (adjusted odds ratio, 4.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.64-10.44) compared with the natural cycle. The risks of cesarean delivery (adjusted odds ratio, 1.93; 95% confidence interval, 1.78-2.18), preterm birth (adjusted odds ratio, 1.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.25-1.93), and low birthweight (adjusted odds ratio, 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-1.73) were also higher for hormone replacement cycles. No significant difference in the risk of congenital anomalies was observed between the 2 cycles.
conclusionThe risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, placenta accreta, cesarean delivery, preterm delivery, and low birthweight was higher in hormone replacement cycles than in natural cycles, whereas the risk of congenital anomalies was similar between both cycles. Further follow-up is needed to investigate these risks and to explore alternative endometrial preparation methods.
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