Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36386861›Full record

ReviewCurrent research in neurobiology2022

Unified ethical principles and an animal research 'Helsinki' declaration as foundations for international collaboration.

Christopher I Petkov, Paul Flecknell, Kathy Murphy, Michele A Basso, Anna S Mitchell, Renee Hartig, Sally Thompson-Iritani

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current research in neurobiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Cross-reactivity and localization of Schistosoma mansoni antigen for immunodiagnosis.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Animal Research at a Crossroads: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Emerging Threats.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025
    Article
  6. Animals in Teaching and Research in the Americas: Analysis of Legislation.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Christopher I PetkovBiosciences Institute, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Paul FlecknellFlaire Consultants Ltd, UK.
Kathy MurphyComparative Biology Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Michele A BassoUniversity of Washington at the Washington National Primate Research Center, WA, USA.
Anna S MitchellDepartment of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK.
Renee HartigMax Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.
Sally Thompson-IritaniUniversity of Washington, WA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ethical frameworks are the foundation for any research with humans or nonhuman animals. Human research is guided by overarching international ethical principles, such as those defined in the Helsinki Declaration by the World Medical Association. However, for nonhuman animal research, because there are several sets of ethical principles and national frameworks, it is commonly thought that there is substantial variability in animal research approaches internationally and a lack of an animal research 'Helsinki Declaration', or the basis for one. We first overview several prominent sets of ethical principles, including the 3Rs, 3Ss, 3Vs, 4Fs and 6Ps. Then using the 3Rs principles, originally proposed by Russell & Burch, we critically assess them, asking if they can be

Indexed as

3Rs3Ss3Vs4Fs6PsAAALACBioethicsEthicsHarm-benefit-analysisMoralityRegulation

Identifiers

PMID36386861
PMCPMC9647342

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.