Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36386032›Full record

ArticleEClinicalMedicine2023

Dementia risk after major elective surgery based on the route of anaesthesia: A propensity score-matched population-based cohort study.

Mingyang Sun, Wan-Ming Chen, Szu-Yuan Wu, Jiaqiang Zhang

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
8.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Expression of Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide and Its Application to Cochlear Implantation Under Local Anesthesia With Monitored Anesthesia Care in the Very Elderly: The University of California, Los Angeles, Experience.Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology · 2026
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  10. Infection trajectories and dementia risk in type 2 diabetes.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Mingyang SunDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Wan-Ming ChenGraduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Szu-Yuan WuGraduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Jiaqiang ZhangDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Fu Jen Catholic University · TWZhengzhou University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Whether the route of anaesthesia is an independent risk factor for dementia remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted a propensity score-matched (PSM) population-based cohort study to compare dementia incidence among surgical patients undergoing different routes of anaesthesia. Methods: The inclusion criteria were being an inpatient >20 years of age who underwent major elective surgery, defined as those requiring GA without or with inhalation anaesthetics or regional anaesthesia, and being hospitalised for >1 day between Jan 1, 2008 and Dec 31, 2019 in Taiwan. Patients undergoing major elective surgery were categorised into three groups according to the type of anaesthesia administered: noninhalation anaesthesia, inhalation anaesthesia, and regional anaesthesia, matched at a 1:1 ratio. The incidence rate (IR) of dementia was determined. Findings: PSM yielded 63,750 patients (21,250 in the noninhalation anaesthesia group, 21,250 in the inhalation anaesthesia group, and 21,250 in the regional anaesthesia group). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs; 95% confidence intervals) of dementia for the inhalation and noninhalation anaesthesia groups compared with the regional anaesthesia group were 20.16 (15.40-26.35; p < 0.001) and 18.33 (14.03-24.04; p < 0.001), respectively. The aHR of dementia for inhalation anaesthesia compared with noninhalation anaesthesia was 1.13 (1.03-1.22; p = 0.028). The IRs of dementia for the inhalation, noninhalation, and regional anaesthesia groups were 3647.90, 3492.00, and 272.99 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. Interpretation: In this population based cohort study, the incidence of dementia among surgical patients undergoing general anaesthesia was higher than among those undergoing regional anaesthesia. Among patients undergoing general anaesthesia, inhalation anaesthesia was associated with a higher risk of dementia than noninhalation anaesthesia. Our results should be confirmed in a randomised controlled trial. Funding: The study was partially supported by Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital (Funding Number: 10908, 10909, 11001, 11002, 11003, 11006, and 11013).

Indexed as

AD, Alzheimer diseaseaHR, adjusted hazard ratioAnaesthesiaASA, American Society of AnesthesiologyCI, confidence intervalDementiaGA, General anaesthesiaGeneral anaesthesiaHR, hazard ratioICD-9-CM, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical ModificationIncidence rateIPTW, inverse probability of treatment weightingIQR, interquartile rangeIRRs, incidence rate ratiosIRs, incidence ratesNHIRD, National Health Insurance Research DatabasePSM, propensity score matchingRCT, randomised controlled trialRegional anaesthesiaSD, standard deviationSMD, standardized mean difference

Identifiers

PMID36386032
PMCPMC9641180
OpenAlexW4308327210

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.