ArticleBMC public health2022
COVID-19 mortality rate determinants in selected Eastern European countries.
Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Mortality rate and predictors of COVID-19 inpatients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Features of the land use and COVID-19 cases and deaths in urban and land counties in Poland throughout the pandemic: a machine learning approach.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Trends and demographic inequalities in mortality of the Lithuanian population during the COVID-19 pandemic: who suffered most?Population health metrics · 2025Article
- Constructing protective mechanism by analysis of vaccine impact based on hybrid model of dynamic DEA and cluster tendency.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Exploring Age, Gender and Pandemic Dynamics: A Retrospective Analysis of the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on Human Health.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Evolution of COVID-19 in the State of São Paulo: Analysis of Incidence, Mortality and Lethality from 2020 to 2023.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Associated With Mortality Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of 28 European Countries.International journal of public health · 2025Article
- Symptoms can predict COVID-19 pneumonia in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Family Dynamics, Socioeconomic Hardships, and Health Risk Behaviours of Bulgarian Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Safety Profile of Upadacitinib up to 5 Years in Psoriatic Arthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, and Non-radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis: An Integrated Analysis of Clinical Trials.Rheumatology and therapy · 2024Article
- Article
- Disparities and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine policies in three representative European countries.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- Understanding the experiences of PHC nurses in caring for older patients in the post-fifth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: an exploratory qualitative study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Genomic Epidemiology and Lineage Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in Bulgaria: Insights from a Three-Year Pandemic Analysis.Viruses · 2023Article
- Which Factors Were Related to the Number of COVID-19 Cases in the 2022/2023 Season Compared to the 2021/2022 Season in Europe?Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
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2 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused increased mortality worldwide. We noticed a tendency for higher number of deaths in Eastern European countries. Therefore, we decided to investigate whether any common factor that might be responsible for the increased COVID-19 mortality exists.
methodsIn our cross-sectional study, we conducted the correlation and multiple regression analysis using R basing on the data gathered in publicly available databases. In the analysis, we included variables such as: number of deaths, number of new cases, number of hospitalizations, number of ICU (intensive care units) patients, number of vaccinations, number of boosters, number of fully vaccinated individuals, stringency index, number of reported COVID-19 variant cases, and number of flights. Additionally, we analyzed the influence of population density and median age in particular European countries on total number of COVID-19 deaths. Analyzed data represents periods from start of the COVID-19 pandemic in particular Eastern European Countries: Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia, while as the end of the study the day of January 31, 2022 is considered. Results were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.
resultsOur study showed that mortality rate reflects the number of COVID-19 cases (e.g. for Poland was 0.0058, p < 0.001), number of hospitalized patients (e.g. for Poland 0.0116, p < 0.001), and patients in intensive care (e.g. for Slovakia 0.2326, p < 0.001). Stringency index corresponding to level of introduced restrictions and vaccination can affect the mortality rate of COVID-19 in a country-dependent manner: e.g. for Romania 0.0006, p < 0.001; whereas in Lithuania - 0.0002, p < 0.001. Moreover, occurrence of B.1.1.7 and B.1.617.2 variants increased COVID-19 mortality rates.
conclusionOur analysis showed that crucial factor for decreasing mortality is proper healthcare joined by accurate restriction policy. Additionally, our study shows that COVID-19 vaccination proven successful in COVID-19 mortality prevention.
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