Observational studyBMC immunology2022
A longitudinal study of humoral immune responses induced by a 3-dose inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in an observational, prospective cohort.
Observational study in BMC immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 antibody responses in individuals with natural immunity and with vaccination-induced immunity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Long-term humoral and cellular immune responses following Covaxin vaccination: a 2-year prospective longitudinal study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- CoronaVac-induced antibodies that facilitate Fc-mediated neutrophil phagocytosis track with COVID-19 disease resolution.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- A 22 month prospective assessment of neutralizing and IgG antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 variants following homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 boosting.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Long-Term Adaptive Immune Responses Specific to SARS-CoV-2: Effect of Various Vaccination and Omicron Exposure.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Coronavac inactivated vaccine triggers durable, cross-reactive Fc-mediated phagocytosis activities.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo determine the dynamic SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody levels induced by 3 doses of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, CoronaVac. An observational, prospective cohort study was performed with 93 healthy healthcare workers from a tertiary hospital in Nanjing, China. Serum SARS-CoV-2 specific IgM, IgG, and neutralizing antibodies (NAb) were measured at different time points among participants who received 3 doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine.
results91.3% (85/93) and 100% (72/72) participants showed positive both for SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG and NAb after 2-dose CoronaVac and after 3-dose CoronaVac, respectively. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG responses reached 91.21 (55.66-152.06) AU/mL, and surrogate NAb was 47.60 (25.96-100.81) IU/mL on day 14 after the second dose. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG responses reached 218.29 (167.53-292.16) AU/mL and surrogate NAb was 445.54 (171.54-810.90) IU/mL on day 14 after the third dose. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 specific surrogate neutralizing antibody titers were highly correlated with serum neutralization activities against Ancestral, Omicron, and Delta strains. Moreover, significantly higher SARS-CoV-2 IgG responses, but not NAb responses, were found in individuals with breakthrough infection when compared to that of 3-dose CoronaVac recipients.
conclusionsCoronaVac elicited robust SARS-CoV-2 specific humoral responses. Surrogate NAb assay might substitute for pseudovirus neutralization assay. Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses induced by vaccination would provide important guidance for the optimization of COVID-19 vaccines.
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