ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2023
A Census Tract-Level Examination of Diagnosed HIV Infection and Social Vulnerability among Black/African American, Hispanic/Latino, and White Adults, 2018: United States.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Community Resilience Estimates and HIV Health Outcomes: Insights from the CNICS Cohort.AIDS and behavior · 2026Observational
- Trends in Black-White Disparities in HIV Diagnosis by Selected Characteristics, 2017‒2021-United States.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Self-Reported Treatment for Hearing Loss in Adults Living With or Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).Cureus · 2026Article
- Non-Linkage to Care and Non-Viral Suppression among Hispanic/Latino Persons by Birthplace and Social Vulnerability-United States, 2021.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Rate estimation and trend analysis of new HIV infections among the international migrant population in Chile from 2013 to 2022.Journal of migration and health · 2025Article
- Examining County-Level Associations between Federally Qualified Health Centers and Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Political Ecology of Health Framework.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo reduce health disparities and improve the health of Americans overall, addressing community-level social and structural factors, such as social vulnerability, may help explain the higher rates of HIV diagnoses among and between race/ethnicity groups.
methodsData were obtained from CDC's National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) and the CDC/ATSDR social vulnerability index (SVI). NHSS data for Black, Hispanic/Latino, and White adults with HIV diagnosed in 2018 were linked to SVI data. To measure the relative disparity, rate ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs were calculated to examine the relative difference comparing census tracts with the lowest SVI scores (quartile 1, Q1) to those with the highest SVI scores (quartile 4, Q4) by sex assigned at birth for age group and region of residence. Differences in the numbers of diagnoses across the quartiles were analyzed by sex assigned at birth and transmission category.
resultsThere were 13,807 Black, 8747 Hispanic/Latino, and 8325 White adults who received a diagnosis of HIV infection in the United States in 2018-with the highest HIV diagnosis rates among adults who lived in census tracts with the highest vulnerability (Q4). For each race/ethnicity and both sexes, the rate of HIV diagnoses increased as social vulnerability increased. The highest disparities in HIV diagnosis rates by SVI were among persons who inject drugs, and the highest within-group RRs were typically observed among older persons and persons residing in the Northeast.
conclusionTo reach the goals of several national HIV initiatives, efforts are needed to address the social vulnerability factors that contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in acquiring HIV and receiving care and treatment.
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