ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2022
Ocular lens morphology is influenced by ecology and metamorphosis in frogs and toads.
Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contributions of aquatic organisms to understanding the vertebrate ocular lens.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2026Review
- A Conserved Mechanism in Eye Optical Development: Lens Nucleus Centralization inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A new twist in the evolution of chameleons uncovers an extremely specialized optic nerve morphology.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Insights into the evolution of photoreceptor oil droplets in frogs and toads.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Diversity and Molecular Evolution of Nonvisual Opsin Genes across Environmental, Developmental, and Morphological Adaptations in Frogs.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Diversity and Evolution of Frog Visual Opsins: Spectral Tuning and Adaptation to Distinct Light Environments.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Light pollution of freshwater ecosystems: principles, ecological impacts and remedies.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
- Sensory collectives in natural systems.eLife · 2023Review
- Convergent Anuran Middle Ear Loss Lacks a Universal, Adaptive Explanation.Brain, behavior and evolution · 2023Article
- Ocular lens morphology is influenced by ecology and metamorphosis in frogs and toads.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The shape and relative size of an ocular lens affect the focal length of the eye, with consequences for visual acuity and sensitivity. Lenses are typically spherical in aquatic animals with camera-type eyes and axially flattened in terrestrial species to facilitate vision in optical media with different refractive indices. Frogs and toads (Amphibia: Anura) are ecologically diverse, with many species shifting from aquatic to terrestrial ecologies during metamorphosis. We quantified lens shape and relative size using 179 micro X-ray computed tomography scans of 126 biphasic anuran species and tested for correlations with life stage, environmental transitions, adult habits and adult activity patterns. Across broad phylogenetic diversity, tadpole lenses are more spherical than those of adults. Biphasic species with aquatic larvae and terrestrial adults typically undergo ontogenetic changes in lens shape, whereas species that remain aquatic as adults tend to retain more spherical lenses after metamorphosis. Further, adult lens shape is influenced by adult habit; notably, fossorial adults tend to retain spherical lenses following metamorphosis. Finally, lens size relative to eye size is smaller in aquatic and semiaquatic species than other adult ecologies. Our study demonstrates how ecology shapes visual systems, and the power of non-invasive imaging of museum specimens for studying sensory evolution.
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