ReviewExperimental and therapeutic medicine2022
Interpretation of HbA1c lies at the intersection of analytical methodology, clinical biochemistry and hematology (Review).
Review in Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glycohypoxia: a hypothesis linking chronic hyperglycemia to functional hypoxia and diabetic complications in type 2 diabetes.Medical gas research · 2026Review
- Association between glycated hemoglobin and hematological parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Conceptual and Mechanistic Links between glycated hemoglobin and glycosylated RNA: An insight into glycosylation biology in metabolic disease pathophysiology.Glycoconjugate journal · 2026Review
- Temporal and geographic trends in HbA1c results in South Africa: a retrospective NHLS analysis (2019-2024).BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- Markedly Discordant and Rapidly Changing Hemoglobin A1c Values in a Normoglycemic Patient: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Physiological Regulation of Nutritional and Metabolic Biomarkers in Obesity: Implications for Precision Nutrition.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Quantitative and preliminary clinical assessment of glycohypoxia as an oxygen-unloading defect linking chronic hyperglycemia to low-grade tissue hypoxia in type 2 diabetes: a targeted translational meta-regression with exploratory blood-sample validation.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2026Article
- Hemoglobin A1C: Intracellular Heterogeneity and Functional Implications in Prediabetic and T2 Diabetic Erythrocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- "Insights into HbA1c: Key Role in Diabetes Screening and Associated Conditions" - A Comprehensive Review.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2025Review
- Association between hemoglobin glycation index and myocardial infarction in critically ill patients with diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study based on MIMIC-IV.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Observational
- Decoding Health: Exploring Essential Biomarkers Linked to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Relationship Between Glycemic Indices and eGFR Values Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Individuals With Chronic Kidney Disease Across Various Progression Stages.Clinical medicine insights. Endocrinology and diabetes · 2025Article
- Phenome-wide association study and functional annotation of hemoglobin A1c-associated variants in African populations.PloS one · 2025Article
- Identifying neonatal hyperglycemia thresholds in preterm infants based on retinopathy of prematurity outcomes: proof-of-concept study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Online diabetes self-management education application for reducing glycated hemoglobin level among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical diabetes and endocrinology · 2024Review
- Using continuous glucose monitoring to measure and improve quality metrics: Updates on the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set 2024 Glucose Management Indicator measure.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2024Article
- Article
- Effects of Gossypetin on Glucose Homeostasis in Diet-Induced Pre-Diabetic Rats.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- An incidental finding of a hemoglobin E variant in a diabetic patient with an abnormal glycated hemoglobin level: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2024Article
- Diagnostic cut-off value of haemoglobin A1c for diabetes mellitus in Harare, Zimbabwe.African journal of laboratory medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over past few decades, diabetes has become widespread on a global scale. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) assessment is crucial for diabetes care, since it allows for the monitoring of an individual's level of glycemic control over the course of 2 to 3 months and risk assessment to determine any possible complications. Numerous methods, including cation-exchange chromatography, electrophoresis, immunoassays and affinity chromatography, can be used to determine the HbA1c level. Each method has its limitations, however. The amount of HbA1c in patient samples is not only dependent on blood glucose levels, but is also strongly influenced by changes in red blood cell lifespan and globin chain structure. Consequently, hematological, clinical biochemistry and analytical methods all intertwine when interpreting HbA1c. There are numerous reports on the interactions of HbA1c with inherited and acquired diseases. Some of these impacts are inconsistent and difficult to explain. The present review article aimed to summarize and classify these effects and evaluate their clinical relevance. The findings discussed herein may serve as a reminder that clinical HbA1c values need to be analyzed with caution.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.