ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2022
Recombinant Human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (rhu GM-CSF) as Adjuvant Therapy for Invasive Fungal Diseases.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Hypothesis-Generating Pharmacologic Profile for Sargramostim Treatment of Parkinson's Disease.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Trial
- Invasive aspergillosis in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases: epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, management and challenges.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- New approaches for cryptococcosis treatment and prevention-a systematic review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- Immunomodulation in the Treatment of Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Innovation in antifungal therapy.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Review
- The natural history and evolution of dermatophytosis: Host immunity in acute and chronic infection.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Mucormycosis Pathogenesis: Host-Pathogen Interactions and Immune Evasion.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps in antifungal immunity: mechanisms, dual roles, regulatory networks, and clinical perspectives.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Acute Invasive Fungal Rhino-Orbital Sinusitis: Current Concepts and Controversies.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Next-generation antifungal drugs: Mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical prospects.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Article
- Immune-modulating therapy with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in refractory rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis - a case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The power of GM-CSF: immune regulation in the defense againstFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Molecular mechanisms of neutrophil regulatory network in anti-Candida infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge Caused byPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Scedosporiosis and lomentosporiosis: modern perspectives on these difficult-to-treat rare mold infections.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Oral Isavuconazole Combined with Nebulized Inhalation and Bronchoscopic Administration of Amphotericin B for the Treatment of Pulmonary Mucormycosis: A Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Immune Adjuvant Therapy With Interleukin-7 in a Lymphopenic Patient With Aplastic Anemia and Mucormycosis.Critical care explorations · 2023Article
- Advances in the treatment of invasive fungal disease.PLoS pathogens · 2023Review
- Exploiting antifungal immunity in the clinical context.Seminars in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Sargramostim (yeast-derived, glycosylated recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [rhu GM-CSF]) augments innate and adaptive immune responses and accelerates hematopoietic recovery of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. However, considerably less is known about its efficacy as adjunctive immunotherapy against invasive fungal diseases (IFDs). Methods: The clinical courses of 15 patients with pediatric malignancies and IFDs treated adjunctively with sargramostim at a single institution were analyzed in a retrospective cohort review. Further, a systematic review of published reports of rhu GM-CSF for IFDs was also conducted. Results: Among 65 cases, 15 were newly described pediatric patients and 50 were previously published cases of IFDs treated with rhu GM-CSF. Among the newly reported pediatric patients, IFDs were caused by Conclusions: Sargramostim may be a potential adjunctive immunomodulator for selected patients with hematological malignancies and refractory IFDs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.