Observational studyNature communications2022
Effectiveness of a third BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy: a national observational study in Israel.
Observational study in Nature communications, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines on maternal and perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness of 2023-2024 Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccines in Pregnant Women.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2026Article
- Modeling the Health Impact of Discontinuing COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy in the US.JAMA pediatrics · 2025Article
- Vaccination in pregnancy to protect the newborn.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- The Effectiveness and Influence of COVID-19 Vaccination on Perinatal Individuals and Their Newborns: An Updated Meta-Analysis.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2025Review
- Effectiveness of the Original Monovalent and Bivalent COVID-19 Vaccines Against COVID-19-Associated Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters in Pregnant Persons Who Were Not Immunocompromised: VISION Network, June 2022-August 2023.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Safety of COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Maternal hybrid immunity and risk of infant COVID-19 hospitalizations: national case-control study in Israel.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Vaccine effectiveness against mild and severe covid-19 in pregnant individuals and their infants in England: test negative case-control study.BMJ medicine · 2024Article
- Vaccination, immunity, and the changing impact of COVID-19 on infant health.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, booster, and infection in pregnant population enhances passive immunity in neonates.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Safety and Effectiveness of Maternal COVID-19 Vaccines Among Pregnant People and Infants.Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America · 2023Review
- Maternal third dose of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine and risk of infant COVID-19 hospitalization.Nature medicine · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Disease in Under-5 Children: Current Status and Strategies for Prevention including Vaccination.Vaccines · 2023Review
- COVID-19 vaccination is effective at preventing severe illness and complications during pregnancy.Lancet (London, England) · 2023Article
- The State of Play on COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women: Recommendations, Legal Protection, Ethical Issues and Controversies in Italy.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Effectiveness of BNT162b2 booster after CoronaVac primary regimen in pregnant people during omicron period in Brazil.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommend a third dose of COVID-19 vaccine for pregnant women, although data regarding effectiveness during pregnancy are lacking. This national, population-based, historical cohort study of pregnant women in Israel, delivering between August 1, 2021 and March 22, 2022, aims to analyze and compare the third and second doses' vaccine effectiveness in preventing COVID-19-related hospitalizations during pregnancy during two COVID-19 waves (Delta variant in the summer of 2021 and Omicron, BA.1, variant in the winter of 2022). Time-dependent Cox proportional-hazards regression models estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for COVID-related outcomes according to vaccine dose, and vaccine effectiveness as 1-HR. Study includes 82,659 and 33,303 pregnant women from the Delta and Omicron waves, respectively. Compared with the second dose, the third dose effectively prevents overall hospitalizations with SARS-CoV-2 infections, with estimated effectiveness of 92% (95% CI 83-96%) during Delta, and enhances protection against significant disease during Omicron, with effectiveness of 92% (95% CI 26-99%), and 48% (95% CI 37-57%) effectiveness against hospitalization overall. A third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy, given at least 5 months after the second vaccine dose, enhances protection against adverse COVID-19-related outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.