ReviewBMJ open quality2022
Role of ethnicity in high-level obstetric clinical incidents: a review of cases from a large UK NHS maternity unit.
Review in BMJ open quality, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of patient safety incident reporting practices in maternity care.BMJ open quality · 2025Pooled it
- Beyond the report: a qualitative exploration of safety incidents in maternity services.BMJ open quality · 2026Article
- Integrating equity into incident reporting and patient concerns systems: a critical interpretive synthesis.BMJ quality & safety · 2025Review
- Closing investigations: The role of national policy in shaping structural, organisational and relational constraints on learning from patient safety incidents.Safety science · 2025Article
- Integrating equity into hospital incident reporting and patient concerns systems: study protocol for a mixed methods study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Intersectional dynamics and care disparities in intrapartum electronic fetal monitoring: a socio-technical systems perspective.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Inside the 'imperfect mosaic': Minority ethnic women's qualitative experiences of race and ethnicity during pregnancy, childbirth, and maternity care in the United Kingdom.BMC public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWomen from ethnic minority groups are at more risk of adverse outcomes in pregnancy compared with those from white British groups; suboptimal care may contribute to this increased risk. This study aimed to examine serious clinical incidents at two maternity units to explore causative factors for women from ethnic minorities and determine whether these differed from white women.
methodsA retrospective review was conducted of all serious incidents (n=36) occurring in a large National Health Service maternity provider (~14 000 births per annum) between 2018 and 2020. Data were collected from case records for variables which could mediate the association between ethnicity and adverse outcome. The incident reviews were blinded and reviewed by two independent investigators and data regarding root causes and contributory factors were extracted.
resultsFourteen of the 36 incidents (39%) occurred in women from minority ethnic groups, which is comparable to the maternity population. Women involved in serious clinical incidents frequently had pre-existing medical or obstetric complications. Booking after 12 weeks' gestation occurred more frequently in women from minority ethnic groups than in the background population. There were differences in root causes of serious incidents between groups, a lack of situational awareness was the most frequent cause in white women and staff workload was most frequent in women from minority ethnic groups. Communication issues and detection of deterioration were similar between the two groups. DISCUSSION: Although there was no difference in the proportion of serious incidents between the groups, there were differences in medical and pregnancy-related risk factors between groups and in the root causes identified. Efforts are needed to ensure equity of early access to antenatal care and to ensure that there is adequate staffing to ensure that women's needs are met; this is particularly cogent when there are complex medical or social needs.
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Registered trials
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