ArticleJournal of assisted reproduction and genetics2022
Use of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in patients with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) results in monofollicular ovulation and high cumulative live birth rates: a 25-year cohort.
Article in Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Variation in the diagnosis and management of functional hypothalamic amenorrhea across clinical specialties: A nationwide cross-sectional survey in China.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Dysregulated LH and FSH Secretion in Human Reproductive Failure.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Management of infertility in women with hypothalamic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: an expert opinion.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2026Review
- 2025 Update to the Female Athlete Triad Coalition Consensus Statement Part 1: State of the Science and Introduction of a New Adolescent Model.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- From Amenorrhea to Pregnancy: Comprehensive Management of GnRH Pulse Therapy Achieving Pregnancy in a Woman with Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Fertility preservation in pediatric central nervous system tumors: A report from the Children's Oncology Group.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo analyze outcomes of pulsatile administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in infertile women diagnosed with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA).
methodsA single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted from 1996 to 2020. Sixty-six patients with the diagnosis FHA that underwent therapy using the pulsatile GnRH pump for conception were included and analyzed. The primary outcome was the live birth rate (LBR). Secondary outcomes were the number of dominant follicles, ovulation rate, biochemical pregnancy rate (BPR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), miscarriage rate, and multiple pregnancy rate. A matched control group was selected to compare the birth weight of newborn children.
resultsDuring the study period, 66 patients with FHA underwent 82 treatments (14 of 66 patients had more than one treatment) and a total of 212 cycles (ovulation induction attempts) using pulsatile GnRH. The LBR per treatment was 65.9%. The ovulation rate per cycle was 96%, and monofollicular ovulation was observed in 75% of cycles. The BPR per treatment was 80.5%, and the cumulative CPR per treatment was 74.4%. The miscarriage rate was 11.5%. One dizygotic twin pregnancy was observed (1.6%). Average newborn birth weight (NBW) from patients with FHA was comparable to the control group. CONCLUSION(S): In patients with FHA, excellent pregnancy rates were achieved using the subcutaneous GnRH pump. The high cumulative LBR with normal NBW as well as low rates of multiple gestation indicate that the pulsatile GnRH pump represents a safer and more physiologic alternative to ovulation induction with injectable gonadotropins.
trial registrationEthics Committee Northwest and Central Switzerland (Ethikkommission Nordwest- und Zentralschweiz - EKNZ) - Project-ID 2020-01612.
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