ArticleJournal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society2023
Serotype 19A and 6C Account for One-Third of Pneumococcal Carriage Among Belgian Day-Care Children Four Years After a Shift to a Lower-Valent PCV.
Article in Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Article
- Clinical and evidence-based considerations for choosing a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in India: A narrative review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Back to the future? Drastic drop in serotype 19A carriage in daycare centers within two years after a second switch to PCV13 in Belgium.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Higher valency vaccines' impact on antimicrobial resistance rates inEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Real-World Impact of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines on Vaccine Serotypes and Potential Cross-Reacting Non-Vaccine Serotypes.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Article
- Pneumococcal genotype 23B1 as a driver of increased 23B serotype carriage, penicillin non-susceptibility, and invasive disease in Belgium: a retrospective analysis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- Genomic characterization ofMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- Nasopharyngeal Carriage, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Serotype Distribution ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Pediatric Pneumonia Outcomes: A Five-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Article
- Non-invasiveEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
- Implications of Cross-Reactivity and Cross-Protection for Pneumococcal Vaccine Development.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Serotypes and Antibiotic Resistance ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) effectively reduce infection and asymptomatic carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine serotypes. In 2016, Belgium replaced its infant PCV13 program by a 4-year period of PCV10. Concomitantly, S. pneumoniae serotype carriage was monitored together with the carriage of other nasopharyngeal pathogens in children attending day-care centers.
methodsFrom 2016 to 2019, a total of 3459 nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from children aged 6-30 months. Culture and qPCR were used for the identification of S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Staphylococcus aureus and for serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility assessment of S. pneumoniae strains.
resultsS. pneumoniae colonization was frequent and stable over the study years. H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis were more frequently carried (P < .001) than S. pneumoniae, by, respectively, 92.3% and 91.0% of children. Prevalence of all PCV13 serotypes together increased significantly over time from 5.8% to 19.6% (P < .001) and was attributable to the increasing prevalence of serotype 19A. Coincidently, non-vaccine serotype 6C increased (P < .001) and the overall pneumococcal non-susceptibility to tetracycline and erythromycin. Non-susceptibility to cotrimoxazole decreased (P < .001).
conclusionsThe switch to a PCV program no longer covering serotypes 19A, 6A, and 3 was associated with a sustained increase of serotypes 19A and 6C in healthy children, similarly as in invasive pneumococcal disease. This resulted in a re-introduction of the 13-valent conjugate vaccine during the summer of 2019.
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