ArticleMicrobial cell factories2022
Lactobacilli extracellular vesicles: potential postbiotics to support the vaginal microbiota homeostasis.
Article in Microbial cell factories, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of fermented foods for the prevention and treatment of bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- The Role of the Microbiome in Lichen Sclerosus: Pathophysiological Insights and Therapeutic Implications.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Time to rethink prevention of neonatal group B streptococcal disease.Seminars in immunopathology · 2026Review
- Protective effects of cell-free supernatants from a kefir-derived microbial consortium against multidrug-resistant Candida glabrata associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis.Medical mycology · 2026Article
- The Gut-Vagina Axis.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Immunomodulatory and antimicrobial actions of extracellular vesicles in vaginal infections: implications for female infertility.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles: New Hype or Hope to Explain Reproductive Host-Microbiota Interactions.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Review
- Advances in Biological Functions and Applications of Feeding Microorganism-derived Extracellular Vesicles.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Postbiotics: Definitions, Manufacturing, Analytical Characterization, and Clinical Evidence for Human and Animal Health.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Exopolysaccharides of Lactobacillus crispatus mediate key balancing interactions with the vaginal mucosa.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Progress in interventions for vaginal microecology.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Engineering Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles as Nanoweapons to Fight against Bacterial Infections.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Lactic acid bacteria-derived extracellular vesicles as postbiotic modulators of epithelial adhesion and barrier homeostasis: emerging perspectives.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Targeting vaginal dysbiosis: prospects for the application of live biotherapeutics products.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Adhesion Properties and Pathogen Inhibition of Vaginal-Derived Lactobacilli.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- VaginalBiofilm · 2025Article
- Exploring the Potential Use of Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics, and Postbiotics as Adjuvants for Modulating the Vaginal Microbiome: a Bibliometric Review.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Review
- Article
- Genital Lichen Sclerosus-The Role of the Vulvar Microbiome.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Harnessing microbial nanobiotics: Lactobacillus extracellular vesicles as next-generation therapeutics across physiological systems.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLactobacillus species dominate the vaginal microflora performing a first-line defense against vaginal infections. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by lactobacilli are considered mediators of their beneficial effects affecting cellular communication, homeostasis, microbial balance, and host immune system pathways. Up to now, very little is known about the role played by Lactobacillus EVs in the vaginal microenvironment, and mechanisms of action remain poorly understood.
resultsHere, we hypothesized that EVs can mediate lactobacilli beneficial effects to the host by modulating the vaginal microbiota colonization. We recovered and characterized EVs produced by two vaginal strains, namely Lactobacillus crispatus BC5 and Lactobacillus gasseri BC12. EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and physically characterized by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). EVs protein and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) content was also evaluated. We explored the role of EVs on bacterial adhesion and colonization, using a cervical cell line (HeLa) as an in vitro model. Specifically, we evaluated the effect of EVs on the adhesion of both vaginal beneficial lactobacilli and opportunistic pathogens (i.e., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Enterococcus faecalis). We demonstrated that EVs from L. crispatus BC5 and L. gasseri BC12 significantly enhanced the cellular adhesion of all tested lactobacilli, reaching the maximum stimulation effect on strains belonging to L. crispatus species (335% and 269% of average adhesion, respectively). At the same time, EVs reduced the adhesion of all tested pathogens, being EVs from L. gasseri BC12 the most efficient.
conclusionsOur observations suggest for the first time that EVs released by symbiotic Lactobacillus strains favor healthy vaginal homeostasis by supporting the colonization of beneficial species and preventing pathogens attachment. This study reinforces the concept of EVs as valid postbiotics and opens the perspective of developing postbiotics from vaginal strains to maintain microbiota homeostasis and promote women's health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.