ReviewAesthetic plastic surgery2023
Mortality Rate in Breast Implant Surgery: Is an Additional Procedure Worthwhile to Mitigate BIA-ALCL Risk?
Review in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Capsulectomy Following Breast Implant Removal: Evidence-Based Indications and a Framework for Clinical Decision-Making.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Review
- Direct-to-Implant Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction with a Novel Collagen Matrix Following Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy: A Case Report.Reports (MDPI) · 2025Article
- Conflict of Interest and Recommendations for Explantation in Asymptomatic Patients Concerned About BIA-ALCL Risk.Annals of plastic surgery · 2025Article
- Extracapsular breast implant rupture with silicone migration and lymphadenopathy following a breast augmentation - A case report.Case reports in plastic surgery & hand surgery · 2025Article
- Secondary intact capsulectomy with seroma without implant: revision of an incomplete treatment of BIA-ALCL - a case report.Case reports in plastic surgery & hand surgery · 2025Article
- Lymphangiography and thoracic duct embolization for persistent chyle leak following augmentation mammoplasty and mastopexy.JPRAS open · 2024Article
- Breast Implants: Low Rate of Annual Check-Ups Results in Delayed Presentation of Ruptured Implants.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Reply: Comment on BIA-ALCL: Comparing the Risk Profiles of Smooth and Textured Breast Implants.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2024Article
- Determining Breast Implant Prevalence: A Population Study of Italian Chest Radiographs.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2023Article
- BIA-ALCL: Comparing the Risk Profiles of Smooth and Textured Breast Implants.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2023Article
- Breast Implant Rupture: Do Operation Variables and Composition of Filler Matter?Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2023Article
- Invited Discussion on "Assessment of Risk Factors for Rupture in Breast Reconstruction Patients with Macrotextured Breast Implants".Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2023Article
- Patient satisfaction of breast reconstructive surgery following mastectomy in Brunei.PloS one · 2023Article
- Single-Institution Early Experience With a New, Smooth, Opaque, and Round Breast Implant Over a 2-Year Period.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBecause of poor knowledge of risks and benefits, prophylactic explantation of high BIA-ALCL risk breast implant (BI) is not indicated. Several surgical risks have been associated with BI surgery, with mortality being the most frightening. Primary aim of this study is to assess mortality rate in patients undergoing breast implant surgery for aesthetic or reconstructive indication. MATERIALS AND
methodsIn this retrospective observational cohort study, Breast Implant Surgery Mortality rate (BISM) was calculated as the perioperative mortality rate among 99,690 patients who underwent BI surgery for oncologic and non-oncologic indications. Mean age at first implant placement (A1P), implant lifespan (IL), and women's life expectancy (WLE) were obtained from a literature review and population database.
resultsBISM rate was 0, and mean A1P was 34 years for breast augmentation, and 50 years for breast reconstruction. Regardless of indication, overall mean A1P can be presumed to be 39 years, while mean BIL was estimated as 9 years and WLE as 85 years.
conclusionThis study first showed that the BISM risk is 0. This information, and the knowledge that BI patients will undergo one or more revisional procedures if not explantation during their lifetime, may help surgeons in the decision-making process of a pre-emptive substitution or explant in patients at high risk of BIA-ALCL. Our recommendation is that patients with existing macrotextured implants do have a relative indication for explantation and total capsulectomy. The final decision should be shared between patient and surgeon following an evaluation of benefits, surgical risks and comorbidities. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.