ArticlePediatric research2023
Humoral and cellular response to the COVID-19 vaccine in immunocompromised children.
Article in Pediatric research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidance for prevention and management of COVID-19 in children and adolescents: A consensus statement from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society Pediatric COVID-19 Therapies Taskforce.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2024Pooled it
- Preserved SARS-CoV-2 T-cell responses despite impaired humoral immunity in children with profound B-cell lymphopenia.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Article
- T-cell Response Induced by the BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine in Children.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Evaluation of T-Cell Responses Following Sequential Vaccination with PCV13 and PPSV23 AgainstVaccines · 2025Article
- Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in children and adolescents: a one-year longitudinal study.BMJ paediatrics open · 2025Article
- Humoral and cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in paediatric heart transplant recipients.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Immunological memory to COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised and immunocompetent children.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Article
- COVID-19 vaccination induces distinct T-cell responses in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients and immunocompetent children.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Impact of Respiratory Viral Infections in Transplant Recipients.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2024Review
- Reduced durability of hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in immunocompromised children.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Observational
- COVID-19 in immunocompromised children and adolescents.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2023Article
- Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematous in COVID-19 Era.Viruses · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA suboptimal response to the 2-dose COVID-19 vaccine series in the immunocompromised population prompted recommendations for a 3rd primary dose. We aimed to determine the humoral and cellular immune response to the 3rd COVID-19 vaccine in immunocompromised children.
methodsProspective cohort study of immunocompromised participants, 5-21 years old, who received 2 prior doses of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Humoral and CD4/CD8 T-cell responses were measured to SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens prior to receiving the 3rd vaccine dose and 3-4 weeks after the 3rd dose was given.
resultsOf the 37 participants, approximately half were solid organ transplant recipients. The majority (86.5%) had a detectable humoral response after the 2nd and 3rd vaccine doses, with a significant increase in antibody levels after the 3rd dose. Positive T-cell responses increased from being present in 86.5% to 100% of the cohort after the 3rd dose.
conclusionsMost immunocompromised children mount a humoral and cellular immune response to the 2-dose COVID-19 vaccine series, which is significantly augmented after receiving the 3rd vaccine dose. This supports the utility of the 3rd vaccine dose and the rationale for ongoing emphasis for vaccination against COVID-19 in this population. IMPACT: Most immunocompromised children mount a humoral and cellular immune response to the 2-dose COVID-19 vaccine series, which is significantly augmented after receiving the 3rd vaccine dose. This is the first prospective cohort study to analyze both the humoral and T-cell immune response to the 3rd COVID-19 primary vaccine dose in children who are immunocompromised. The results of this study support the utility of the 3rd vaccine dose and the rationale for ongoing emphasis for vaccination against COVID-19 in the immunosuppressed pediatric population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.