ArticleScientific reports2022
Hybrid nanoparticulate system of Fluvastatin loaded phospholipid, alpha lipoic acid and melittin for the management of colon cancer.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prooxidant state in anticancer drugs and prospect use of mitochondrial cofactors and anti-inflammatory agents in cancer prevention.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- Bee Venom-Loaded Niosomes as Innovative Platforms for Cancer Treatment: Development and Therapeutical Efficacy and Safety Evaluation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Regulating Cholesterol in Tumorigenesis: A Novel Paradigm for Tumor Nanotherapeutics.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- The current landscape of the antimicrobial peptide melittin and its therapeutic potential.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- An Updated Review Summarizing the Anticancer Efficacy of Melittin from Bee Venom in Several Models of Human Cancers.Nutrients · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2024-11-13Concerns/Issues about Image · Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Investigation by Third Party · Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available · Unreliable Data · · see also: https://pubpeer.com/publications/971CD2F8DC02285EE1203F77C7DF56
- Retracted
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As a hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, Fluvastatin (FLV) is used for reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol as well as to prevent cardiovascular problems. FLV showed cell line cytotoxicity and antitumor effect. Melittin (MEL) exhibits antineoplastic activity and is known to be promising as a therapeutic option for cancer patients. The aim of this work was to investigate the combination of FLV with MEL loaded hybrid formula of phospholipid (PL) with alpha lipoic acid (ALA) nanoparticles to maximize anticancer tendencies. This study examines the optimization of the prepared formulation in order to minimize nanoparticles size and maximize zeta potential to potentiate cytotoxic potentialities in colon cancer cells (Caco2), cell viability, cell cycle analysis and annexin V were tested. In addition to biological markers as P53, Bax, bcl2 and Caspase 3 evaluation The combination involving FLV PL ALA MEL showed enhanced cytotoxic potentiality (IC50 = 9.242 ± 0.35 µg/mL), about twofold lower, compared to the raw FLV (IC50 = 21.74 ± 0.82 µg/mL). According to studies analyzing cell cycle, optimized FLV PL ALA MEL was found to inhibit Caco2 colon cancer cells more significantly than other therapeutic treatments, wherein a higher number of cells were found to accumulate over G2/M and pre-G1 phases, whereas G0/G1/S phases witnessed the accumulation of a lower number of cells. The optimized formulation may pave the way for a novel and more efficacious treatment for colon cancer.
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Registered trials
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