ArticleNature communications2022
H7N9 avian influenza virus infection in men is associated with testosterone depletion.
Article in Nature communications, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autoantibodies against type I interferons in patients with zoonotic H7N9 influenza: an observational case-control study.EBioMedicine · 2026Observational
- Sexual dimorphism of COVID-19 inspires drug repositioning and host-targeting immunotherapy for viral pneumonia.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Host Factors Potentially Contributing to Increased Susceptibility in Certain Layer Chicken Lines.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Understanding the Secular Decline in Testosterone: Mechanisms, Consequences, and Clinical Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Immunohistochemical Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleoprotein and ACE2 Markers in Testicular Tumors Diagnosed During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2025Article
- Transboundary determinants of avian zoonotic infectious diseases: challenges for strengthening research capacity and connecting surveillance networks.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- The International Virus Bioinformatics Meeting 2023.Viruses · 2023Article
- CYP19A1 mediates severe SARS-CoV-2 disease outcome in males.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Article
- NS1 and PA-X of H1N1/09 influenza virus act in a concerted manner to manipulate the innate immune response of porcine respiratory epithelial cells.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human infections with H7N9 avian influenza A virus that emerged in East China in 2013 and caused high morbidity rates were more frequently detected in men than in women over the last five epidemic waves. However, molecular markers associated with poor disease outcomes in men are still unknown. In this study, we systematically analysed sex hormone and cytokine levels in males and females with laboratory-confirmed H7N9 influenza in comparison to H7N9-negative control groups as well as laboratory-confirmed seasonal H1N1/H3N2 influenza cases (n = 369). Multivariable analyses reveal that H7N9-infected men present with considerably reduced testosterone levels associated with a poor outcome compared to non-infected controls. Regression analyses reveal that testosterone levels in H7N9-infected men are negatively associated with the levels of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and IL-15. To assess whether there is a causal relationship between low testosterone levels and avian H7N9 influenza infection, we used a mouse model. In male mice, we show that respiratory H7N9 infection leads to a high viral load and inflammatory cytokine response in the testes as well as a reduction in pre-infection plasma testosterone levels. Collectively, these findings suggest that monitoring sex hormone levels may support individualized management for patients with avian influenza infections.
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