ArticleAnnals of surgery2023
Long-term Health Outcomes of New Persistent Opioid Use After Surgery Among Medicare Beneficiaries.
Article in Annals of surgery, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patient-related risk factors for new persistent opioid use after surgery among opioid-naïve individuals in the United States: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2026Pooled it
- Predictors and Clinical Outcomes of Long-Term Opioid Therapy in Older Adults: A Systematic Review.Pharmacotherapy · 2026Pooled it
- Incidence and risk factors of new persistent opioid use after surgery and trauma: A systematic review.BMC surgery · 2024Pooled it
- Integrating Nonpharmacological Options Into Perioperative Pain Care: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Article
- Effect of oxycodone vs. morphine as first-line opioid on new persistent opioid use after orthopaedic surgery: A prospective sequential cohort study.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Opioid consumption in the first 30 days after surgery was independently associated with new persistent opioid use.Regional anesthesia and pain medicine · 2026Article
- The persistence of chronic opioid use in patients with inflammatory bowel disease-A nationwide cohort study.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Acupressure Needle Therapy Combined with Lumbar Plexus Block in Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroplasty.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Post-Thyroidectomy Opioid Prescription and Risk of Persistent Opioid Use: A Propensity Matched Cohort Study.Head & neck · 2025Article
- Prescription drug monitoring programs and perioperative opioid prescribing and adverse events.Health affairs scholar · 2025Article
- Persistent Opioid Use Following Major Orthopedic Surgery.Current pain and headache reports · 2025Review
- Perioperative Benzodiazepine Exposure Impacts Risk of New Persistent Benzodiazepine Use Among Patients with Cancer.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- Genetic Associations of Persistent Opioid Use After Surgery Point to OPRM1 but Not Other Opioid-Related Loci as the Main Driver of Opioid Use Disorder.Genetic epidemiology · 2025Article
- Long-term Health Outcomes of New Persistent Opioid Use After Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery.Annals of surgical oncology · 2024Article
- Association Between Opioid-Related Mortality and History of Surgical Procedure: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches · 2024Article
- Perioperative Opioid-Related Harms: Opportunities to Minimize Risk.Seminars in plastic surgery · 2024Review
- Observational
- A survey study assessing prescribers' opioid tapering instructions to patients after orthopedic surgery.Journal of opioid managementArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWe examined long-term health outcomes associated with new persistent opioid use after surgery and hypothesized that patients with new persistent opioid use would have poorer overall health outcomes compared with those who did not develop new persistent opioid use after surgery.
backgroundNew persistent opioid use is a common surgical complication. Long-term opioid use increases risk of mortality, fractures, and falls; however, less is known about health care utilization among older adults with new persistent opioid use after surgical care.
methodsWe analyzed claims from a 20% national sample of Medicare beneficiaries ≥65 years undergoing surgery between January 1, 2009, and June 30, 2019. We estimated associations between new persistent use and subsequent health events between 6 and 12 months after surgery, including mortality, serious fall/fall-related injury, and respiratory or opioid/pain-related readmission/emergency department (ED) visits using a Cox proportional hazards model to estimate mortality and multivariable logistic regression for the remaining outcomes, adjusting for demographic/clinical characteristics. Our primary outcome was mortality within 6 to 12 months after surgery. Secondary outcomes included falls and readmissions or ED visits (respiratory, pain related/opioid related) within 6 to 12 months after surgery.
resultsOf 229,898 patients, 6874 (3.0%) developed new persistent opioid use. Compared with patients who did not develop new persistent opioid use, patients with new persistent opioid use had a higher risk of mortality (hazard ratio 3.44, CI, 2.99-3.96), falls [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.21, 95% CI, 1.05-1.39], and respiratory-related (aOR: 1.67, 95% CI, 1.49-1.86) or pain-related/opioid-related (aOR: 1.68, 95% CI, 1.55-1.82) readmissions/ED visits.
conclusionsNew persistent opioid use after surgery is associated with increased mortality and poorer health outcomes after surgery. Although the mechanisms that underlie this risk are not clear, persistent opioid use may also be a marker for greater morbidity requiring more care in the late postoperative period. Increased awareness of individuals at risk for new persistent use after surgery and close follow-up in the late postoperative period is critical to mitigate the harms associated with new persistent use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.