ReviewPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2023
The framework species method: harnessing natural regeneration to restore tropical forest ecosystems.
Review in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Start, speed, and direction of secondary forest succession.Science advances · 2026Article
- Multidimensional Recovery of Young Secondary Forests in Human-Modified Tropical Landscapes.Global change biology · 2026Article
- Forest loss intensifies meteorological drought in more than half of Earth's climate zones.Science advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Conservation Planning for Promoting Ecosystem Service Provisioning Outside Protected Area Networks.Ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- Chronosequence Resampling Elucidates Tree Community and Forest Structure Recovery Patterns in Restored Tropical Rainforest.Ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- Rewilding plants and vegetation.Cambridge prisms. Extinction · 2025Article
- Persistent Effects of Landscape Context on Recruitment Dynamics During Secondary Succession of Tropical Forests.Global change biology · 2025Article
- Changes in floristic and vegetation structure in a chronosequence of abandoned gold-mining lands in a tropical Amazon forest.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Fifteen essential science advances needed for effective restoration of the world's forest landscapes.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
- The road to recovery: a synthesis of outcomes from ecosystem restoration in tropical and sub-tropical Asian forests.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
- A systems approach framework for evaluating tree restoration interventions for social and ecological outcomes in rural tropical landscapes.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Realizing the potential of restoration science.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
- A practice-led assessment of landscape restoration potential in a biodiversity hotspot.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As interest in restoring tropical forests surges, so does the need for effective methods to ensure success. The framework species method (FSM) restores forest ecosystems by densely planting open sites, close to natural forest, with woody species, indigenous to the reference ecosystem and selected for their ability to accelerate ecological succession. Criteria for selecting framework species include: (i) representative of the reference forest ecosystem, (ii) tolerant of open conditions, (iii) ability to suppress weeds, (iv) attractiveness to seed-dispersing animals and (v) easily propagated. The method is effective where forest remnants and viable populations of seed dispersers remain. The origins and elements of the FSM are discussed. We review its adoption in 12 countries. Adherence to original principles was mostly high, but some misuse of the term was evident. The need for clearer definitions was identified. We place the FSM on a scale of restoration methods, matched with degradation levels and compare its establishment costs with those of other methods. Obstacles to its wider adoption, both technical and socio-economic, are discussed, along with how these might be overcome. Finally, the FSM is more clearly defined to facilitate its use in contributing towards the goals of the UN Decade on Restoration. This article is part of the theme issue 'Understanding forest landscape restoration: reinforcing scientific foundations for the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration'.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.