SynthesisPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2023
The role of incentive mechanisms in promoting forest restoration.
Synthesis in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The role of incentive mechanisms in promoting forest restoration.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Pooled it
- How Mixed Are Production-Oriented Planted Forests? A Global Review and Classification Approach.Global change biology · 2026Review
- Slow Progress Under Brazil's Native Vegetation Protection Law in the Southeastern Amazon.Environmental management · 2026Article
- Cost analysis for the implementation of LUCF mitigation toward NDC target in Indonesia.Carbon balance and management · 2025Article
- Land tenure regimes influenced long-term restoration gains and reversals across Brazil's Atlantic forest.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The current state, opportunities and challenges for upscaling private investment in biodiversity in Europe.Nature ecology & evolution · 2025Review
- Fifteen essential science advances needed for effective restoration of the world's forest landscapes.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Realizing the potential of restoration science.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
- A systems approach framework for evaluating tree restoration interventions for social and ecological outcomes in rural tropical landscapes.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Forest restoration has been proposed as a scalable nature-based solution to achieve global environmental and socio-economic outcomes and is central to many policy initiatives, such as the Bonn Challenge. Restored forests contain appreciable biodiversity, improve habitat connectivity and sequester carbon. Incentive mechanisms (e.g. payments for ecosystem services and allocation of management rights) have been a focus of forest restoration efforts for decades. Yet, there is still little understanding of their role in promoting restoration success. We conducted a systematic literature review to investigate how incentive mechanisms are used to promote forest restoration, outcomes, and the biophysical and socio-economic factors that influence implementation and program success. We found that socio-economic factors, such as governance, monitoring systems and the experience and beliefs of participants, dominate whether or not an incentive mechanism is successful. We found that approximately half of the studies report both positive ecological and socio-economic outcomes. However, reported adverse outcomes were more commonly socio-economic than ecological. Our results reveal that achieving forest restoration at a sufficient scale to meet international commitments will require stronger assessment and management of socio-economic factors that enable or constrain the success of incentive mechanisms. This article is part of the theme issue 'Understanding forest landscape restoration: reinforcing scientific foundations for the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration'.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.