Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36372959›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2023

Improving generalizability and study design of Alzheimer's disease cohort studies in the United States by including under-represented populations.

Monica Rivera Mindt, Ozioma Okonkwo, Michael W Weiner, Dallas P Veitch, Paul Aisen, Miriam Ashford, Godfrey Coker, Michael C Donohue, Kenneth M Langa, Garrett Miller and 3 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Guideline
  3. Association Between the Genetic Risk for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Cognitive Function in Older Age: The MYHAT Population-Based Study.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Factors associated with age at tau pathology onset and time from tau onset to dementia in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Pathways to Racial/Ethnic Inequalities in Dementia.Annual review of clinical psychology · 2025
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Overview of Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and future clinical trials.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Review
  15. The Consortium for Clarity in ADRD Research Through Imaging (CLARiTI).Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Review
  16. The ADNI Administrative Core: Ensuring ADNI's success and informing future AD clinical trials.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024
    Article
  17. Dementia risk scores, apolipoprotein E, and risk of Alzheimer's disease: One size does not fit all.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024
    Article
  18. A short version of the Everyday Cognition scale can predict clinical progression and cognitive decline.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.

Monica Rivera MindtDepartment of Psychology, Latin American and Latino Studies Institute, & African and African-American Studies, Fordham University, New York, New York, USA.
Ozioma OkonkwoWisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Michael W WeinerDepartment of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, California, USA.
Dallas P VeitchDepartment of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, California, USA.
Paul AisenAlzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California, San Diego, California, USA.
Miriam AshfordNorthern California Institute for Research and Education (NCIRE), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.
Godfrey CokerAlzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California, San Diego, California, USA.
Michael C DonohueAlzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California, San Diego, California, USA.
Kenneth M LangaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Institute for Social Research, and Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Garrett MillerAlzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California, San Diego, California, USA.
Ronald PetersenDepartment of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Rema RamanAlzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California, San Diego, California, USA.
Rachel NoshenyDepartment of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, California, USA.
San Francisco VA Medical Center · USUniversity of Southern California · USAutism Research Institute · USIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USMayo Clinic · USNorthern California Institute for Research and Education · USSouthern States University · USUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison · USVA Center for Clinical Management Research · US

Funding

Project 1U19AG024904 · NIA · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE/RES/EDU · PI ANDREW J SAYKIN · 2016 to 2026
$226.7M
Research Education CoreP30AG024824 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Neil Alexander · 2004 to 2026
$29.2M
The Brain Health Registry for facilitating interdisciplinary aging researchR33AG062867 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI NOSHENY, RACHEL LAUREN · 2020 to 2024
$3.2M
Inclusion and participation of older adults from underrepresented populations in cognitive aging and Alzheimer's disease-related researchF32AG072730 · NIA · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE/RES/EDU · PI ASHFORD, MIRIAM · 2021 to 2023
$226k
NIA NIH HHS F32 AG072730NIA NIH HHS P30 AG024824NIA NIH HHS R33 AG062867NIA NIH HHS U19 AG024904
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The poor generalizability of clinical research data due to the enrollment of highly educated, non-Latinx White participants hampers the development of therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Black and Latinx older adults have a greater risk for dementia, yet it is unclear how health-care disparities and sociocultural factors influence potential AD therapies and prognosis. Low enrollment of under-represented populations may be attributable to several factors including greater exclusion due to higher rates of comorbidities, lower access to AD clinics, and the legacy of unethical treatment in medical research. This perspective outlines solutions tested in the Brain Health Registry (BHR) and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), including culturally-informed digital research methods, community-engaged research strategies, leadership from under-represented communities, and the reduction of exclusion criteria based on comorbidities. Our successes demonstrate that it is possible to increase the inclusion and engagement of under-represented populations into US-based clinical studies, thereby increasing the generalizability of their results.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseAgedBrainCohort StudiesHumansNeuroimagingResearch DesignUnited States

Identifiers

PMID36372959
PMCPMC10101866
OpenAlexW4308952193

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.