ArticleJournal of affective disorders2023
Pandemic panic? Results of a 14-month longitudinal study on fear of COVID-19.
Article in Journal of affective disorders, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fear of COVID-19 over the first year of the pandemic: Effect on anxiety, depression, and substance use, taking mental health support into account.Global epidemiology · 2026Article
- Levels and correlates of pandemic anxiety in people living with rare diseases: a cross-sectional analysis using a structural equation model.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2026Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults accessing specialist psychiatric care: A cross-sectional Canadian analysis.PloS one · 2026Article
- Change in psychological distress and associated factors among Hong Kong young adults in post-COVID-19 era: a latent transition analysis.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- Trajectory of severe COVID anxiety and predictors for recovery in an 18-month UK cohort.BJPsych open · 2025Article
- Effects of Perceived Scarcity on Mental Health, Time and Risk Preferences, and Decision-Making During and After COVID-19 Lockdown: Quasi-Natural Experimental Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Determinants of Patient Use of Telemental Health Services: Representative Cross-Sectional Survey From Germany.JMIR mental health · 2025Article
- Development and validation of the pandemic fear perception and adaptability scale.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
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- Predictors of Change in Vaccination Decisions Among the Vaccine Hesitant: Examining the Roles of Age and Intolerance of Uncertainty.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2024Article
- Chemotherapy delays among cancer patients in Iran during COVID-19 pandemic.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Intolerance of uncertainty as a predictor of anxiety severity and trajectory during the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of anxiety disorders · 2024Article
- Effects of Sadness and Fear on Moral Judgments in Public Emergency Events.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of new fear of the coronavirus questionnaire.Medicine · 2024Article
- Promotion of Values Education (Factors Involved in Prosocial Behaviors and Volunteering).European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2024Article
- Development and validation of the Post-Pandemic Fear of Viral Disease scale and its relationship with general anxiety disorder: a cross-sectional survey from Pakistan.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Does threat trigger prosociality? The relation between basic individual values, threat appraisals, and prosocial helping intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic.Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Transcultural Comparison of Mental Health and Work-Life Integration Blurring in the Brazilian and Spanish Populations during COVID-19.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Mental health concerns and network structures of psychological helpline help-seekers during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: Pandemic stage differences.Journal of affective disorders · 2023Article
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4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFear is an evolutionary adaptive emotion that serves to protect the organism from harm. Once a threat diminishes, fear should also dissipate as otherwise fear may become chronic and pathological. While actual threat of the COVID-19 pandemic (i.e., number of infections, hospitalizations, and deaths) has substantially varied over the course of the pandemic, it remains unclear whether (subjective) fear has followed a similar pattern.
methodTo examine the development of fear of COVID-19 during the pandemic and investigate potential predictors of chronic fear, we conducted a large online longitudinal study (N = 2000) using the Prolific platform between April 2020 and June 2021. Participants were voluntary response samples and consisted of residents of 34 different countries. The Fear of the Coronavirus Questionnaire (FCQ) and several other demographic and psychological measures were completed monthly.
resultsOverall, we find that fear steadily decreased since April 2020. Additional analyses showed that elevated fear was predicted by region (i.e., North America > Europe), anxious traits, gender, risks for loved ones, general health, and media use. LIMITATIONS: The interpretation of the results of this study is limited by the non-representativeness of the sample and the lack of data points between August 2020 and June 2021.
conclusionsThis study helps to characterize the trajectory of fear levels throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and establish several relevant predictors of increased fear.
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