ArticleScientific reports2022
Association between cholesterol levels and dementia risk according to the presence of diabetes and statin use: a nationwide cohort study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of lipid-lowering therapy with dementia and cognitive outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Age and ageing · 2025Pooled it
- Review
- Association of cognitive impairment with statin use in coronary artery disease across APO (ε) genotypes in AllofUS.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Differential Associations of Lipid Profiles with Dementia and Cardiovascular Disease: Findings from the UK Biobank Cohort.Yonsei medical journal · 2026Article
- Effects of Minimally Processed Red Meat within a Plant-Forward Diet on Biomarkers of Physical and Cognitive Aging: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Feeding Trial.Current developments in nutrition · 2026Article
- Baseline and follow-up change of cholesterol levels predict dementia risk and progression in older adults: a U-shaped relationship.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Article
- Lipoprotein levels and statin treatment related to dementia and cognitive decline in individuals with type 2 diabetes: an observational analysis from the ADVANCE study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025 · on this mapObservational
- Safety and Efficacy of Achieving Very Low LDL Cholesterol Concentrations with PCSK9 Inhibitors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Association of Blood Lipoprotein Levels With Incident Alzheimer Disease in Community-Dwelling Individuals: The Framingham Heart Study.Neurology · 2025Article
- Factors associated with dementia among older people in Malaysia: Findings from National Health and Morbidity Survey.Australasian journal on ageing · 2025Article
- Mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment and management strategies in type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Primary care biomarkers and dementia in people of the Torres Strait, Australia: extended data analysis.Frontiers in dementia · 2023Article
- Blood lipids as accessible biomarkers for early dementia risk screening: Bridging diagnostic gaps in resource-limited settings.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reportsReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We explored the association between cholesterol levels and dementia risk according to the presence of diabetes and statin use. In this population-based longitudinal cohort study, the Korean National Health Insurance Service datasets (2002-2017) were used. Among individuals aged ≥ 40 years who underwent health examinations in 2009 (N = 6,883,494), the hazard of dementia was evaluated according to cholesterol levels. During a median 8.33 years, 263,185 dementia cases were detected. In statin non-users with or without diabetes, the hazards of all-cause dementia were highest for those in the lowest quartile or quintile of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) level, showing an inverted J-shaped relationship. Among statin users with or without diabetes, an advance in LDL-C group was associated with an increase in hazards of all-cause dementia. In statin users with diabetes, even very low LDL-C level was not associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia. Although there was a seemingly paradoxical association between low LDL-C level and dementia risk in statin non-users, the trend was not observed in statin users and is not likely to be clinically relevant. Rather, an advance in LDL-C levels was associated with an increase in the hazard of all-cause dementia in statin users, regardless of the presence of diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.