ArticleScientific data2022
The Health Gym: synthetic health-related datasets for the development of reinforcement learning algorithms.
Article in Scientific data, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- MANNERS: A strategy for representation learning in multivariate datasets with high proportions of missing data.Patterns (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Estimating 5-year absolute risk of cardiovascular disease using routinely collected electronic medical records from Australian general practices.Heart (British Cardiac Society) · 2026Article
- Off by a beat: the effects of temporal misalignment in reinforcement learning for sepsis treatment.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Methods for Generating and Evaluating Synthetic Longitudinal Patient Data: A Systematic Review.Journal of healthcare informatics research · 2026Review
- Generative AI mitigates representation bias and improves model fairness through synthetic health data.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Attention-based Imputation of Missing Values in Electronic Health Records Tabular Data.Proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics · 2024Article
- Comparative assessment of synthetic time series generation approaches in healthcare: leveraging patient metadata for accurate data synthesis.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2024Article
- Enriching Data Science and Health Care Education: Application and Impact of Synthetic Data Sets Through the Health Gym Project.JMIR medical education · 2024Article
- Deep imputation of missing values in time series health data: A review with benchmarking.Journal of biomedical informatics · 2023Review
- ReinforSec: An Automatic Generator of Synthetic Malware Samples and Denial-of-Service Attacks through Reinforcement Learning.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A Privacy Nihilist Perspective on Clinical Data Sharing: Open Clinical Data Sharing is Dead, Long Live the Walled Garden.Journal of the Society for Clinical Data Management · 2023Article
- The Health Gym: synthetic health-related datasets for the development of reinforcement learning algorithms.Scientific data · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
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Abstract
In recent years, the machine learning research community has benefited tremendously from the availability of openly accessible benchmark datasets. Clinical data are usually not openly available due to their confidential nature. This has hampered the development of reproducible and generalisable machine learning applications in health care. Here we introduce the Health Gym - a growing collection of highly realistic synthetic medical datasets that can be freely accessed to prototype, evaluate, and compare machine learning algorithms, with a specific focus on reinforcement learning. The three synthetic datasets described in this paper present patient cohorts with acute hypotension and sepsis in the intensive care unit, and people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) receiving antiretroviral therapy. The datasets were created using a novel generative adversarial network (GAN). The distributions of variables, and correlations between variables and trends in variables over time in the synthetic datasets mirror those in the real datasets. Furthermore, the risk of sensitive information disclosure associated with the public distribution of the synthetic datasets is estimated to be very low.
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