Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36368753›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2022

Relative vaccine effectiveness against Delta and Omicron COVID-19 after homologous inactivated vaccine boosting: a retrospective cohort study.

Lin Tang, Yanyang Zhang, Fuzhen Wang, Dan Wu, Zhao-Hui Qian, Rui Zhang, Ai-Bin Wang, Chang Huang, Haifeng Wang, Ying Ye and 12 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Lin Tang *National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7941-0501
Yanyang Zhang *Department of Henan Immunization Program, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Fuzhen WangNational Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Dan WuNational Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Zhao-Hui QianNHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Rui ZhangNational Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Ai-Bin WangBeijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Chang HuangNational Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Haifeng WangDepartment of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Ying YeDepartment of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Mingxia LuDepartment of Henan Immunization Program, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Changshuang WangDepartment of Henan Immunization Program, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Ya-Ting MaDepartment of Henan Immunization Program, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Jingjing PanDepartment of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Ya-Fei LiDepartment of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Xiao-Ya LvDevelopment Center for Medicine and Science & Technology, National Health Commission, Beijing, China.
Zhijie AnNational Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1552-6684
Lance RodewaldNational Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Xuan-Yi WangShanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Minstry of Eduation & Ministry of Health, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China yinzd@chinacdc.cn yshao@chinaaids.cn zhiyinwu@126.com xywang@shmu.edu.cn.
Yi-Ming ShaoState Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China yinzd@chinacdc.cn yshao@chinaaids.cn zhiyinwu@126.com xywang@shmu.edu.cn.
Zhi-Yin WuDevelopment Center for Medicine and Science & Technology, National Health Commission, Beijing, China yinzd@chinacdc.cn yshao@chinaaids.cn zhiyinwu@126.com xywang@shmu.edu.cn.
Zundong YinNational Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China yinzd@chinacdc.cn yshao@chinaaids.cn zhiyinwu@126.com xywang@shmu.edu.cn.
Chinese Center For Disease Control and Prevention · CNHenan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention · CNChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College · CNCapital Medical University · CNShanghai Medical College of Fudan University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

ObjectiveTwo COVID-19 outbreaks occurred in Henan province in early 2022-one was a Delta variant outbreak and the other was an Omicron variant outbreak. COVID-19 vaccines used at the time of the outbreak were inactivated, 91.8%; protein subunit, 7.5%; and adenovirus5-vectored, 0.7% vaccines. The outbreaks provided an opportunity to evaluate variant-specific breakthrough infection rates and relative protective effectiveness of homologous inactivated COVID-19 vaccine booster doses against symptomatic infection and pneumonia.

designRetrospective cohort study

methodsWe evaluated relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) with a retrospective cohort study of close contacts of infected individuals using a time-dependent Cox regression model. Demographic and epidemiologic data were obtained from the local Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; clinical and laboratory data were obtained from COVID-19-designated hospitals. Vaccination histories were obtained from the national COVID-19 vaccination dataset. All data were linked by national identification number.

resultsAmong 784 SARS-CoV-2 infections, 379 (48.3%) were caused by Delta and 405 (51.7%) were caused by Omicron, with breakthrough rates of 9.9% and 17.8%, respectively. Breakthrough rates among boosted individuals were 8.1% and 4.9%. Compared with subjects who received primary vaccination series ≥180 days before infection, Cox regression modelling showed that homologous inactivated booster vaccination was statistically significantly associated with protection from symptomatic infection caused by Omicron (rVE 59%; 95% CI 13% to 80%) and pneumonia caused by Delta (rVE 62%; 95% CI 34% to 77%) and Omicron (rVE 87%; 95% CI 3% to 98%).

conclusionsCOVID-19 vaccination in China provided good protection against symptomatic COVID-19 and COVID-19 pneumonia caused by Delta and Omicron variants. Protection declined 6 months after primary series vaccination but was restored by homologous inactivated booster doses given 6 months after the primary series.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesHumansImmunization, SecondaryRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2United StatesVaccine EfficacyVaccines, InactivatedCOVID-19 VaccinesVaccines, InactivatedCOVID-19EpidemiologyImmunology

Identifiers

PMID36368753
PMCPMC9659710
OpenAlexW4308806146

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.