ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2023
Intestinal toxicity to CTLA-4 blockade driven by IL-6 and myeloid infiltration.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research landscape, thematic evolution, and translational insights of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis: a bibliometric analysis (2006-2025).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Microbiota and immune-related adverse events in cancer immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Article
- CRTAM inhibition mitigates toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors without antitumor efficacy trade-off.Nature cancer · 2026Article
- When Checkpoint Inhibitors Break Barriers: Mechanisms and Challenges of irAEs of the Skin, Gastrointestinal Tract, and Lung.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Review
- Risk factors and outcomes for steroid-refractory immune-related hepatotoxicity in locally advanced and metastatic cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Targeting LRBA triggers CTLA4 degradation and antitumor immunity for cancer immunotherapy.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Review
- Single-cell multiomics reveals macrophage-derived IL-23 and CXCL9/10 drive pathogenic IFNGJournal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Neutrophil extracellular traps-STC1 positive feedback loop promotes immune evasion and metastasis in bladder cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Precision Delivery of Active Compounds from Edible and Medicinal Plants via Gut Microbiota Targeting: A New Paradigm for Cancer Immunotherapy.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Secretory IgA amplification during immune checkpoint blockade enhances the control of tumor growth by enterotropic T cells.Science advances · 2025Article
- Navigating Cardiotoxicity in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: From Diagnosis to Long-Term Management.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Review
- Roles of the gut microbiota in immune-related adverse events: mechanisms and therapeutic intervention.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Smooth Muscle Silent Information Regulator 1 Contributes to Colitis in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Baseline colitogenicity and acute perturbations of gut microbiota in immunotherapy-related colitis.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Breakthroughs in immune checkpoint therapy: overcoming NSCLC immune checkpoint therapy resistance with novel techniques.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Low rather than high interleukin-6 levels are associated with immune-related adverse events in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in Sterile Inflammatory Diseases.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- Vagus nerve stimulation: Novel concept for the treatment of glioblastoma and solid cancers by cytokine (interleukin-6) reduction, attenuating the SASP, enhancing tumor immunity.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
44 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized cancer treatment, yet quality of life and continuation of therapy can be constrained by immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Limited understanding of irAE mechanisms hampers development of approaches to mitigate their damage. To address this, we examined whether mice gained sensitivity to anti-CTLA-4 (αCTLA-4)-mediated toxicity upon disruption of gut homeostatic immunity. We found αCTLA-4 drove increased inflammation and colonic tissue damage in mice with genetic predisposition to intestinal inflammation, acute gastrointestinal infection, transplantation with a dysbiotic fecal microbiome, or dextran sodium sulfate administration. We identified an immune signature of αCTLA-4-mediated irAEs, including colonic neutrophil accumulation and systemic interleukin-6 (IL-6) release. IL-6 blockade combined with antibiotic treatment reduced intestinal damage and improved αCTLA-4 therapeutic efficacy in inflammation-prone mice. Intestinal immune signatures were validated in biopsies from patients with ICB colitis. Our work provides new preclinical models of αCTLA-4 intestinal irAEs, mechanistic insights into irAE development, and potential approaches to enhance ICB efficacy while mitigating irAEs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.